Problem solving
refers to active efforts to discover what must be done to achieve a goal that is not readily attainable.
What is searching for analogies?
Searching for analogies heuristics. using the solution to a previous problem to solve a current one.
Similarities between problems
. Changing the representation of problem heuristic. Whether you solve a problem often hinges on how you envision it.
Which term refers to the sudden discovery of the correct solution following incorrect attempts based primarily on trial and error?
Insight
. the sudden discovery of the correct solution following incorrect attempts based primarily on trial and error.
What are the two mental habits essential to critical thinking?
D) timing bias. The cultivation of two mental habits is essential to critical thinking; these habits are: A)mindfulness and open-mindedness.
What is arrangement problem?
Problems of arrangement Definition
An issue that involves the rearrangement of its components to meet a defined criterion
. Objects are addressed to you and organized in a manner that makes sense. Ex: anagrams and the issue with strings.
Which of the following is a heuristic commonly used in problem-solving?
One commonly used heuristic involves
creating subgoals or subproblems
. Another commonly used heuristic is means-ends analysis, which involves figuring out how to decrease the distance between a goal and the current status. Using means-ends analysis, you can break a problem into subproblems and solve them independently.
What are the strategies of problem-solving?
- Sleep on it. …
- Figure out what you need to tackle and what can wait. …
- Separate the problem into bite-sized parts. …
- Work on a timeline. …
- Use your network. …
- Don’t compare yourself to others. …
- Make sure to take a break. …
- If you find a solution that works, keep it.
What is analogy in problem solving?
An analogy is
an abstract parallel between two quite different things
. For example, you might analogize driving to project management. In both cases it helps to have a map (i.e., a plan) for where you’re going. When you find one parallel, you can often find others–which is why analogies help with creativity.
How do we solve analogies effectively?
- The only way to become better at verbal analogies is through practice. …
- Try to determine the relationship between the first pair of words.
- Turn the analogies into sentences. …
- Go through tough problems systematically.
- Read all of the answer choices first before making a decision.
When trying to gather information in order to identify a problem it is important to?
When trying to gather information in order to identify a problem, it is important to
find reliable sources
.
What are the 7 critical thinking skills?
- Pinpoint the issue. …
- Collect information. …
- Examine and scrutinize. …
- Decide what’s relevant. …
- Self-evaluate. …
- Draw conclusions. …
- Explain your conclusions.
How can I improve my critical thinking skills?
- Know exactly what you want. Knowing exactly what you want is the first step of critical thinking. …
- Deal with your biases. …
- Consider the consequences of your options. …
- Do your research. …
- Accept the fact that you’re not always right. …
- Break it down. …
- Don’t overcomplicate things.
What are the 8 critical thinking guidelines and how do they help understand psychological issues?
- Ask questions: be willing to wonder. …
- Define the problem. …
- Examine the evidence. …
- Avoid emotional reasoning. …
- Do not oversimplify. …
- Consider other interpretations. …
- Tolerate uncertainty.
Which of the following is an example of arrangement problem?
Anagrams
are an example of an arrangement problem. Algorithms are rules that, if followed, always yield a solution. … Anagrams are an example of an arrangement problem.
What is a rule of thumb problem solving strategy?
A heuristic
is a rule of thumb, a strategy, or a mental shortcut that generally works for solving a problem (particularly decision-making problems). It is a practical method, one that is not a hundred percent guaranteed to be optimal or even successful, but is sufficient for the immediate goal.
What is problems of inducing structure?
Problems of inducing structure
require people to discover the relations among numbers, words, symbols, or ideas
. The series completion problems and the analogy problems are examples of problems of inducing structure.
