Like most aspects of human behavior and cognition,
intelligence
is a complex trait that is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Intelligence is challenging to study, in part because it can be defined and measured in different ways.
What is another example of a phenotype that is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors?
Phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an individual organism, determined by both genetic make-up and environmental influences, for example,
height, weight and skin colour
.
What are some environmental factors that can influence gene expression?
Environmental factors such as
diet, temperature, oxygen levels, humidity, light cycles, and the presence of mutagens
can all impact which of an animal’s genes are expressed, which ultimately affects the animal’s phenotype.
Is height influenced by both environmental and genetic factors?
Height variation
is known to be determined by both genetic and environmental factors, but a systematic description of how their influences differ by sex, age and global regions is lacking.
Can genetic and environmental influence interact?
Stated simply, our
genes influence our environment
, and our environment influences the expression of our genes (Figure 1). Not only do our genes and environment interact, as in range of reaction, but they also influence one another bidirectionally.
What are examples of environmental influences?
Similarly,
drugs, chemicals, temperature, and light
are among the external environmental factors that can determine which genes are turned on and off, thereby influencing the way an organism develops and functions.
What types of environmental factors can influence DNA methylation?
DNA methylation can be influenced by environmental factors such as
diet, hormones, stress, drugs, or exposure to environmental chemicals
, suggesting that environmental factors may contribute to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes of relevance to ASD via effects on DNA methylation in the developing brain.
What traits are environmentally influenced?
Explanation: Environmental factors influence traits in plants and animals. These traits include
things like weight, height, size, and color
. If a child does not get proper nutrition, their height may be stunted as an adult.
What are examples of phenotype?
Examples of phenotypes include
height, wing length, and hair color
. Phenotypes also include observable characteristics that can be measured in the laboratory, such as levels of hormones or blood cells.
How can the environment influence our genotype?
Genotype generally remains constant from one environment to another
, although occasional spontaneous mutations may occur which cause it to change. However, when the same genotype is subjected to different environments, it can produce a wide range of phenotypes.
How do environmental factors affect human height?
An individual’s height is mainly determined by their genes. However, environmental factors such as
nutrition, sleep, or physical exercise
play an important role in how tall we’ll become. Also, socioeconomic status, stress, and urbanization influence people’s height.
Can environmental factors change human height?
Besides the genetic factors, a multitude of environmental factors, such as nutrition and childhood diseases, operate during the
growth period
and can affect the final attained height.
Is height more genetic or environmental?
For most individuals, though, height is controlled largely by a combination of
genetic variants
that each have more modest effects on height, plus a smaller contribution from environmental factors (such as nutrition). More than 700 such gene variants have been discovered and many more are expected to be identified.
What is the main idea of gene environment interaction?
Based on this concept, gene–environment interaction can be defined as “
a different effect of an environmental exposure on disease risk in persons with different genotypes
,” or, equivalently, “a different effect of a genotype on disease risk in persons with different environmental exposures.”
Can environment change genes?
Environmentally induced changes in gene expression occur when exposure to chemicals changes which genes are turned “on” or “off”—which can change how the cells function and thus a person’s predisposition to disease. The effect of this chemical modification is called
epigenetic regulation
.
Examples of nonshared environmental factors include
different friends or teachers that siblings in the same household might have at school or elsewhere outside of the home
. … Also called unshared environment.
