A fall or
topple happens when rocks and other sediments fall through the air and land at the bottom of a slope
. Falls and topples. Flows are a mixture of water, rock and sediment. They move very quickly. Large flows can bury entire villages.
What causes fall mass movement?
Gravity
is the main force responsible for mass movements. Gravity is a force that acts everywhere on the Earth’s surface, pulling everything in a direction toward the center of the Earth. On a flat surface, parallel to the Earth’s surface, the force of gravity acts downward.
What are the 5 types of mass movement?
- Rockfall. Bits of rock fall off the cliff face, usually due to freeze-thaw weathering.
- Mudflow. Saturated soil (soil filled with water) flows down a slope.
- Landslide. Large blocks of rock slide downhill.
- Rotational slip. Saturated soil slumps down a curved surface.
What is a fall or topple?
A fall or topple happens
when rocks and other sediments
.
fall through the air and land at the bottom of a slope
. Falls descend straight down, where topples lean forwards before falling. The pile of rubble at the base of the slope is called a talus cone.
What is slide in mass movement?
A slide happens
when a section of soil or rock suddenly gives way and moves down a slope
. The material moves as a single mass along a slippery zone. The slippery zone is often made up of wet sediment . Translational slides move along a flat slippery zone.
Which mass movement is the fastest?
Landslides and avalanches
can move as fast as 200 to 300 km/hour. Figure 3. (a) Landslides are called rock slides by geologists. (b) A snow avalanche moves quickly down slope, burying everything in its path.
What are examples of mass movement?
| Types Descriptions | Flows occur when soil or rock acts like a liquid | Slumps a slice of material that moves as one piece along a curved surface | Landslides made up of unconsolidated rock; includes rockslides and avalanches | Creeps material that moves slowly down gently sloping areas |
|---|
What are the effects of mass movement?
Mass movements affect the following elements of the environment: (1)
the topography of the earth’s surface, particularly the morphologies of mountain and valley systems, both on the continents and on the ocean floors
; (2) the character/quality of rivers and streams and groundwater flow; (3) the forests that cover much …
What is the slowest type of mass movement?
The slowest and least noticeable, but most widespread of the slow mass wasting categories is
creep
. Creep involves the entire hillside, and is characterized by very slow movement of soil or rock material over a period of several years.
How do humans affect mass movement?
Humans can contribute to mass wasting in a few different ways:
Excavation of slope or its toe
.
Loading of slope
or its crest. Drawdown (of reservoirs)
What are 4 types of landslides?
They are classified into four main types:
fall and toppling, slides (rotational and translational), flows and creep
.
What is fall landslide?
Falls are
landslides that involve the collapse of material from a cliff or steep slope
. Falls usually involve a mixture of free fall through the air, bouncing or rolling. A fall-type landslide results in the collection of rock or debris near the base of a slope.
What is the difference between translational and rotational slides?
Rotational slides commonly show slow movement along a curved rupture surface. Translational slides often are
rapid movements along a plane of distinct weakness
between the overlying slide material and the more stable underlying material.
What is the difference between a fall a slide and a flow?
A fall or topple happens when rocks and other sediments fall through the air and land at the bottom of a
slope
. Flows are a mixture of water, rock and sediment. They move very quickly. … A slide happens when a section of soil or rock suddenly gives way and moves down a slope.
What is flow in mass wasting?
Mass wasting – is movement in which bed rock, rock debris, or soil moves downslope in bulk, or as a mass, because of the pull of gravity. … Flow – The
debris is moving downslope as a viscous fluid
. A mudflow is a flowing mixture of debris and water, usually moving down a channel.
How do you manage mass movement?
Mass movement control must be primarily
preventive
: e.g., mapping vulnerable zones, drawing up a land use plan, banning building work or any modification of slopes, and protection in the form of coppice forests.
