Classical conditioning
refers to learning that occurs when a neutral stimulus (e.g., a tone) becomes associated with a stimulus (e.g., food) that naturally produces a behaviour.
What form of learning involves a neutral stimulus?
Classical conditioning
is process of learning an association btwn 2 stimuli. involves pairing neutral stimulus (seeing Pav) + with unlearned, natural stimulus (food in mouth) = reflexive response (dog salivates).
Is a learning process in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an innately meaningful stimulus and acquires the capacity to elicit a similar response?
| A B | Classical Conditioning Learning process in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an innately meaningful stimulus and acquires the capacity to elicit a similar response. | Unconditioned Stimulus (US) A stimulus that produces a response without prior learning. |
|---|
What does the neutral stimulus begin to be called after learning has taken place?
Bottom right: After learning, the neutral stimulus (now known as
the conditioned stimulus or CS
), is sufficient to produce the conditioned responses (CR). Conditioning is evolutionarily beneficial because it allows organisms to develop expectations that help them prepare for both good and bad events.
What is the process of learning associations between a stimulus and a response?
conditioning
The process of learning associations between environmental events and behavioral responses. learning A process that produces a relatively enduring change in behavior or knowledge as a result of past experience.
What is an example of unconditioned response?
In classical conditioning, an unconditioned response is an unlearned response that occurs naturally in reaction to the unconditioned stimulus. 1 For example, if
the smell of food is the unconditioned
stimulus, the feeling of hunger in response to the smell of food is the unconditioned response.
What is the sudden reappearance of an extinguished response?
Spontaneous recovery
is the reappearance of an extinguished conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus returns after a period of absence. Stimulus generalization is the tendency to respond to a new stimulus as if it is the original conditioned stimulus.
Does a neutral stimulus causes no response?
A neutral stimulus is a
stimulus which initially produces no specific response other than focusing attention
. In classical conditioning, when used together with an unconditioned stimulus, the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus.
What is a neutral stimulus example?
A neutral stimulus doesn’t trigger any particular response at first, but when used together with an unconditioned stimulus, it can effectively stimulate learning. A good example of a neutral stimulus is
a sound or a song
. … For example, the sound of a squeaky door opening may initially be a neutral stimulus.
What is a stimulus in behavior?
Stimuli are
events in the environment that influence behavior
. A single stimulus can serve many different functions. Listed below are several functions that a stimulus can serve. … An observing response is sometimes necessary for presentation of the discriminative stimulus/stimuli.
Is the Behaviour for a stimulus?
In psychology, a stimulus is any object or event that elicits a sensory or behavioral response in an organism. In behavioral psychology (i.e., classical and operant conditioning),
a stimulus constitutes the basis for behavior
. …
When a specific stimulus elicits a response it is called?
Unconditional Stimulus (US or UCS) When a stimulus elicits a response which is known as
an unconditioned stimulus
.
How do you identify a conditioned stimulus?
For example, the smell of food is an unconditioned stimulus, a feeling of hunger in response to the smell is an unconditioned response, and
the sound of a whistle when you smell the food
is the conditioned stimulus. The conditioned response would be feeling hungry when you heard the sound of the whistle.
What are examples of classical conditioning in everyday life?
- Smartphone Tones and Vibes. …
- Celebrities in Advertising. …
- Restaurant Aromas. …
- Fear of Dogs. …
- A Good Report Card. …
- Experiences in Food Poisoning. …
- Excited for Recess. …
- Exam Anxiety.
How does classical conditioning affect human behavior?
Classical Conditioning in Humans
The influence of classical conditioning can be seen in responses such as
phobias, disgust, nausea, anger, and sexual arousal
. A familiar example is conditioned nausea, in which the sight or smell of a particular food causes nausea because it caused stomach upset in the past.
What is the process of learning or developing a response?
In learning theory, the idea that an organism is innately predisposed to form associations between certain stimuli and responses. The basic learning process that involves changing the probability that a response will be repeated by manipulating the consequence of that response; also called
Skinnerian conditioning
.
