First order kinetics occur
when a constant proportion of the drug is eliminated per unit time
. Rate of elimination is proportional to the amount of drug in the body. The higher the concentration, the greater the amount of drug eliminated per unit time. For every half life that passes the drug concentration is halved.
What is first order kinetics and zero order kinetics?
The fundamental difference between zero and first-order kinetics is
their elimination rate compared to total plasma concentration
. Zero-order kinetics undergo constant elimination regardless of the plasma concentration, following a linear elimination phase as the system becomes saturated.
What is the first order of kinetics?
An
order of chemical reaction in which the rate of the reaction depends on the concentration of only one reactant
, and is proportional to the amount of the reactant. It may be represented by the equation, rate = kA, where k is the reaction rate constant, and A is the concentration of the reactant.
What is 2nd order kinetics?
second-order kinetics. A term
describing the reaction rate of a chemical reaction in which the rate is proportional to the product of the concentrations (in moles) of two of the
reactants (also called bimolecular kinetics), or to the square of the molar concentration of the reactant if there is only one.
What does it mean to be a first order reaction?
:
a chemical reaction in which the rate of reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the reacting substance
— compare order of a reaction.
What is the difference between zero order and first order?
The main difference between first order and zero order kinetics is that
the rate of first order kinetics depends on the concentration of one reactant
whereas the rate of zero order kinetics does not depend on the concentration of reactants.
What are the examples of first order reaction?
First-order reactions are very common. We have already encountered two examples of first-order reactions:
the hydrolysis of aspirin and the reaction of t-butyl bromide with water to give t-butanol
. Another reaction that exhibits apparent first-order kinetics is the hydrolysis of the anticancer drug cisplatin.
What is a zero order process?
Zero order process (chemistry),
a chemical reaction in which the rate of change of concentration is independent of the concentrations
. Zeroth-order approximation, an approximation of a function by a constant. Zeroth-order logic, a form of logic without quantifiers.
Why is it called zero order kinetics?
Because in a saturated process the elimination rate is no longer proportional to the drug concentration but decreasing at higher concentrations
, zero-order kinetics are also called “non-linear kinetics” in clinical pharmacology.
What are first order drugs?
First order kinetics occur
when a constant proportion of the drug is eliminated per unit time
. Zero order: a constant amount of drug is eliminated per unit time.
What is meant by second order?
Filters
. (mathematics, logic) Describing the second in a numerical sequence of models, languages, relationships, forms of logical discourse etc. adjective.
What is the difference between first-order and second order kinetics?
A first-order reaction rate depends on the concentration of one of the reactants. A second-order reaction
rate is proportional to the square of the concentration of a reactant or the product of the concentration of two reactants
.
What is the example of second order reaction?
Reactions in which reactants are identical and form a product can also be second order reactions. Many reactions such as
decomposition of nitrogen dioxide, alkaline hydrolysis of ethyl acetate, decomposition of hydrogen iodide
, formation of double stranded DNA from two strands etc.
What is the unit of 1st order reaction?
The units of k for a zero-order reaction are M/s, the units of k for a first-order reaction are
1/s
, and the units of k for a second-order reaction are 1/(M·s).
What do you mean by first order?
In mathematics and other formal sciences, first-order or first order most often means either:
“linear” (a polynomial of degree at most one)
, as in first-order approximation and other calculus uses, where it is contrasted with “polynomials of higher degree”, or.
What is the formula of first order reaction?
For first-order reactions, the equation
ln[A] = -kt + ln[A]
0
is similar to that of a straight line (y = mx + c) with slope -k. … Thus, the graph for ln[A] v/s t for a first-order reaction is a straight line with slope -k.
