The radiation balance of the Earth system is
the algebraic sum of the incoming and outgoing components of radiation
. These components are balanced over long-time periods and over the Earth as a whole. If they weren’t, the Earth would be continually cooling or warming.
What is the radiation balance equation?
S¢ = aT~f.
Equation (3) represents the equation of planetary radiation balance of the Earth and it can be used to determine the effective temperature T~ff of our planet if the solar constant and the planetary albedo are known.
What is radiation energy balance?
The energy that Earth receives from sunlight is balanced by
an equal amount of energy radiating into space
. … When the flow of incoming solar energy is balanced by an equal flow of heat to space, Earth is in radiative equilibrium, and global temperature is relatively stable.
What is the other word for radiation balance?
In other words, the heat budget at the top of the atmosphere must be in balanced state which in turn, is called
Radiative equilibrium
.
What is radiation from the Earth called?
Radiation emitted from Earth is called
longwave radiation
; it falls within the infrared portion of the spectrum and has typical wavelengths of 4 to 30 micrometres (0.0002 to 0.001 inch). …
What are the components of radiation balance?
The two key components of the global radiation balance are
solar radiation, which is emitted by the Sun
, and terrestrial radiation, which is emitted by the Earth’s surface and atmosphere.
What is considered longwave radiation?
emitted from Earth is called longwave radiation; it falls within the infrared portion of the spectrum and has
typical wavelengths of 4 to 30 micrometres (0.0002 to 0.001 inch)
. Wavelengths of radiation emitted by a body depend on the temperature of the body, as specified by Planck’s radiation law.
What is albedo effect?
The albedo effect on sea. … Albedo is
an expression of the ability of surfaces to reflect sunlight (heat from the sun)
. Light-coloured surfaces return a large part of the sunrays back to the atmosphere (high albedo). Dark surfaces absorb the rays from the sun (low albedo).
What is Earth’s albedo?
Using satellite measurements accumulated since the late 1970s, scientists estimate Earth’s average albedo is
about about 0.30
. The maps above show how the reflectivity of Earth—the amount of sunlight reflected back into space—changed between March 1, 2000, and December 31, 2011.
How is your energy balance?
What is Energy Balance? Energy is another word for “calories.” Your energy balance is
the balance of calories consumed through eating and drinking compared to calories burned through physical activity
. What you eat and drink is ENERGY IN. What you burn through physical activity is ENERGY OUT.
Do greenhouse gases absorb longwave radiation?
Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (such as water vapor and carbon dioxide)
absorb most
of the Earth’s emitted longwave infrared radiation, which heats the lower atmosphere.
What is insolation and radiation?
Insolation is
the amount of solar radiation that is received by a planet
. Some of this energy is absorbed or reflected by the atmosphere, if there is one, and some reaches the surface.
What is direct solar radiation?
The solar radiation
that reaches the Earth’s surface without being diffused
is called direct beam solar radiation. The sum of the diffuse and direct solar radiation is called global solar radiation. Atmospheric conditions can reduce direct beam radiation by 10% on clear, dry days and by 100% during thick, cloudy days.
What is the fundamental energy balance for Earth?
Earth’s energy balance refers to the balance
between the amount of incoming solar radiation and outgoing terrestrial radiation
. In a 1-year period, the overall average flow of energy to and from Earth must balance, or the global mean (average) temperature of Earth would change.
What type of radiation does the Sun emit?
All of the energy from the Sun that reaches the Earth arrives as solar radiation, part of a large collection of energy called the electromagnetic radiation spectrum. Solar radiation includes
visible light, ultraviolet light, infrared
, radio waves, X-rays, and gamma rays. Radiation is one way to transfer heat.
What happens to solar radiation after it reaches Earth?
Solar radiation that
is not absorbed or reflected by the atmosphere
(for example by clouds) reaches the surface of the Earth. … In total approximately 70% of incoming radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere and the Earth’s surface while around 30% is reflected back to space and does not heat the surface.
