In criminological research and its related literature there are four theoretical traditions of female criminality and its causation: (i)
Masculinity Theories
, (ii) Opportunity theories, (iii) Marginalization theories, and (iv) Chivalry theory (Islam and Khatun:2013).
What is the feminist perspective on crime?
What are the basics of the feminist theory of crime? The feminist theory of crime argues
that society is patriarchal and the control of women by men discourages female deviance
. Sociologists in the past have paid little attention to female deviance, instead tending to focus on male deviance.
What are the theoretical perspectives on crime?
While there are many different sociological theories about crime, there are four primary perspectives about deviance:
Structural Functionalism, Social Strain Typology, Conflict Theory, and Labeling Theory
.
Which is the oldest theory regarding female criminality?
- Cesare Lombroso(1835-1909) The Born Criminal suggested that biological properties were the. …
- Otto Pollak (The Criminality of Women: 1950) …
- Clarice Feinman and Ngaire Naffine – (Economic.
- 3 – Self-Control Theory. …
- 4 – Social Control Theory. …
- 5 – Social Learning Theory.
What are the factors of female criminality?
According to them, female criminality is a result of diverse socio-economic-cultural and environmental factors resultant of
rapid industrialization, westernization and urbanization
.
What are the three criminological Perspectives?
There were three main schools of thought in early criminological theory, spanning the period from the mid-18th century to the mid-twentieth century:
Classical, Positivist, and Chicago
.
What is a theoretical perspective?
A theoretical perspective is
a set of assumptions about reality that inform the questions we ask and the kinds of answers we arrive at as a result
. … Often, sociologists use multiple theoretical perspectives simultaneously as they frame research questions, design and conduct research, and analyze their results.
What is the feminist perspective?
It aims
to understand the nature of gender inequality
, and examines women’s social roles, experiences, and interests. While generally providing a critique of social relations, much of feminist theory also focuses on analyzing gender inequality and the promotion of women’s interests.
What are the major theories of feminism?
Themes often explored in feminist theory include
discrimination, objectification
(especially sexual objectification), oppression, patriarchy, stereotyping, art history and contemporary art, and aesthetics.
How does labeling theory explain crime?
According to labeling theory,
official efforts to control crime often have the effect of increasing crime
. Individuals who are arrested, prosecuted, and punished are labeled as criminals. Others then view and treat these people as criminals, and this increases the likelihood of subsequent crime for several reasons.
Who started the liberation hypothesis?
The hypothesis also proposes that the extent to which extra-legal factors sentencing outcomes is dependent on the strength of the evidence in the case. The hypothesis was first proposed by
Harry Kalven and Hans Zeisel
in their 1966 book “The American Jury”. Since then, multiple studies have found support for it.
What is the key difference between instrumental theorists and structural theorists?
What is the key difference between instrumental theorists and structural theorists? A) Structural theorists view the criminal justice system as a capitalist instrument for controlling the lower class. B) Structural theorists
believe the law is unidirectional
, always working for the rich against the poor.
Why is there an increase in female offenders?
Over the past 20 years
the war on drugs
has caused significant rise in the number of women incarcerated and their access to adequate drug treatment. Many women in prison have experienced physical or sexual trauma at the hands of men.
How is crime represented in the media?
Media reporting often
highlights random and unexpected crimes
. As a result, individuals can imagine themselves as potential victims of such events. Sensationalist media reporting contributes to moral panic (or outrage directed at certain groups such as youth or particular ethnic groups).
What are causes of crimes?
- Poverty.
- Peer Pressure.
- Drugs.
- Politics.
- Religion.
- Family Conditions.
- The Society.
- Unemployment.
What is a criminological perspective?
Critical criminological perspectives or criminologies represent
a dynamic, interconnected yet diverse range of theories, perspectives and methods that share a commitment to providing an alternative approach
to the ways crime, justice and the ‘discipline’ of criminology are examined.
