Operant Behavior
: Skinner’s term for behavior that operates on (affects) the environment, producing consequences.
What behavior produces events in the environment?
According to the principles of classical conditioning, what is the conditioned response in this example? behavior produces events in the environment, whereas respondent behavior occurs as an automatic response to a stimulus.
What type of behavior produces consequences?
Operant Behavior
: Behavior that operates on the environment, producing consequences.
Is behavior that operates on the environment?
Skinner used the term
operant
to refer to any “active behavior that operates upon the environment to generate consequences.” Skinner’s theory explained how we acquire the range of learned behaviors we exhibit every day.
In which form of learning is behavior influenced by its consequences?
One of the lessons of
operant conditioning
research, then, is that voluntary behavior is strongly influenced by its consequences.
Which behavior is a learned behavior?
Learned behaviors are
modified by previous experiences
; examples of simple learned behaviors include habituation and imprinting.
What is an example of negative punishment?
Losing access to a toy, being grounded, and losing reward tokens
are all examples of negative punishment. In each case, something good is being taken away as a result of the individual’s undesirable behavior.
How does conditioning influence behavior?
conditioning, in physiology, a behavioral process whereby a response becomes more frequent or more predictable in a given environment as a result of reinforcement, with reinforcement typically being a stimulus or reward for a desired response. … They are based on
the assumption that human behaviour is learned
.
Is the tendency of animals to revert to instinctive behavior that interferes with learning?
Instinctive drift, alternately known as instinctual drift
, is the tendency of an animal to revert to unconscious and automatic behaviour that interferes with learned behaviour from operant conditioning.
What’s the difference between positive and negative punishment?
Positive punishment involves
adding an aversive consequence after an undesired behavior is emitted to decrease future responses
. Negative punishment includes taking away a certain reinforcing item after the undesired behavior happens in order to decrease future responses.
What is the main goal of behavior therapy?
Behavioral therapy is a term that describes a broad range of techniques used to change maladaptive behaviors. The goal is
to reinforce desirable behaviors and eliminate unwanted ones
.
What is an example of respondent behavior?
Respondent behavior is a behavioral process (or behavior) that happens in response to some stimuli, and is essential to an organism’s survival. This behavior is characterized by involuntary action. … Other examples of human respondent behaviors are
sexual arousal and sweating while running
.
What do we call the reappearance after a rest period of an extinguished response?
Spontaneous recovery
is the reappearance of an extinguished conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus returns after a period of absence. Stimulus generalization is the tendency to respond to a new stimulus as if it is the original conditioned stimulus.
How does punishment affect behavior?
In contrast,
punishment always decreases a behavior
. In positive punishment, you add an undesirable stimulus to decrease a behavior. … In negative punishment, you remove a pleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior. For example, when a child misbehaves, a parent can take away a favorite toy.
What is a stimulus in behavior?
Stimuli are
events in the environment that influence behavior
. A single stimulus can serve many different functions. Listed below are several functions that a stimulus can serve. … An observing response is sometimes necessary for presentation of the discriminative stimulus/stimuli.
What type of behavior occurs as an automatic response to a stimulus?
| A B | Behavior that occurs as an automatic response to some stimulus Respondent Behavior | A type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher Operant Conditioning |
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