According to sociologist Gideon Sjoberg (1965), there are three prerequisites for the development of a city: First,
good environment with fresh water and a favorable climate
; second, advanced technology, which will produce a food surplus to support nonfarmers; and third, strong social organization to ensure social …
What issue would a functionalist address?
The functionalist perspective sees
society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability
. This approach looks at society through a macro-level orientation and broadly focuses on the social structures that shape society as a whole.
What were Malthus three factors?
According to Malthusian theory, three factors would control human population that exceeded the earth’s carrying capacity, or how many people can live in a given area considering the amount of available resources. Malthus identified these factors as
war, famine, and disease
(Malthus 1798).
What four factors did Malthus say would limit human population growth?
He thought this would eventually lead to
starvation, increased diseases, crime, poverty, and war
. These issues would then be the factors that would reduce the human population until it returned to a healthy number. Thomas Malthus’ theory was controversial when written and is still debated in the science community.
Urbanization
is the study of the social, political, and economic relationships in cities, and someone specializing in urban sociology would study those relationships.
What is Cornucopian theory?
Cornucopians hold
an anthropocentric view of the environment and reject the ideas that population-growth projections are problematic
and that Earth has finite resources and carrying capacity (the number of individuals an environment can support without detrimental impacts). Cornucopian thinkers tend to be libertarians.
What is Malthusian theory?
Thomas Malthus was an 18th-century British philosopher and economist noted for the Malthusian growth model, an exponential formula used to project population growth. The theory
states that food production will not be able to keep up with growth in the human population
, resulting in disease, famine, war, and calamity.
What does functionalist mean?
noun.
a person who advocates, or works according to, the principles of functionalism
. adjective. of or relating to functionalism. built or made according to the principles of Functionalism by a person associated with the movement.
What is functionalist perspective example?
According to the functionalist perspective of sociology, each aspect of society is interdependent and contributes to society’s stability and functioning as a whole. For example,
the government provides education for the children of the family
, which in turn pays taxes on which the state depends to keep itself running.
How does functionalist view the population?
Functionalism
considers population growth and its various components (birth, death, and migration)
as normal and essential processes for any society. A society certainly cannot survive if it loses members, but it can thrive only if it grows so that it can meet future challenges.
What are the major checks to population growth?
Known for his work on population growth, Thomas Robert Malthus argued that, left unchecked, a population will outgrow its resources. He discussed two ways to ‘check’ a population:
preventive checks
, like the moral restraint of postponing marriage, or positive checks, like famine, disease and warfare.
What is the main reason for population growth?
The primary (and perhaps most obvious) cause of population growth is
an imbalance between births and deaths
. The infant mortality rate has decreased globally, with 4.1 million infant deaths in 2017 compared to 8.8 million in 1990, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).
Who predicted that the population growth would far exceed the food supply?
Even when we can find many arguments that this number is far too high for a sustainable situation on our planet there is statistically enough food produced for everybody of these 7.6 billion.
Malthus
predicted already in 1798 that population will outrun food supply leading to famine, conflicts over resources, etc.
What are the influence of man and his environment?
Humans impact the physical environment in many ways:
overpopulation, pollution, burning fossil fuels, and deforestation
. Changes like these have triggered climate change, soil erosion, poor air quality, and undrinkable water.
What 3 demographic values affect the size of a population?
What 3 demographic values affect the size of a population?
Fertility, mortality, and net migration
.
Factors in the social environment that are important to health include those related to safety, violence, and social disorder in general, and
more specific factors related to the type, quality, and stability of social connections
, including social participation, social cohesion, social capital, and the collective …
