Translation of an mRNA molecule by the ribosome occurs in three stages:
initiation, elongation, and termination
.
What 3 steps occur during elongation?
- Step 1: Initiation. Initiation is the beginning of transcription. …
- Step 2: Elongation. Elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mRNA strand. …
- Step 3: Termination.
What is the process of elongation?
Basically, elongation is
the stage when the RNA strand gets longer, thanks to the addition of new nucleotides
. During elongation, RNA polymerase “walks” along one strand of DNA, known as the template strand, in the 3′ to 5′ direction.
What are the four steps of elongation of translation?
Translation happens in four stages: activation (make ready), initiation (start),
elongation (make longer)
and termination (stop). These terms describe the growth of the amino acid chain (polypeptide). Amino acids are brought to ribosomes and assembled into proteins.
What are the 3 steps of the elongation of translation?
Translation:
Beginning, middle, and end
Elongation (“middle”): in this stage, amino acids are brought to the ribosome by tRNAs and linked together to form a chain. Termination (“end”): in the last stage, the finished polypeptide is released to go and do its job in the cell.
What are the basic steps of protein synthesis?
Protein synthesis is the process in which cells make proteins. It occurs in two stages:
transcription and translation
. Transcription is the transfer of genetic instructions in DNA to mRNA in the nucleus. It includes three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination.
What is the first step of translation?
Translation is generally divided into three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination (Figure 7.8). In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes the first step of the initiation stage is
the binding of a specific initiator methionyl tRNA and the mRNA to the small ribosomal subunit
.
Is the coding strand always 5 to 3?
By convention, the coding strand is the strand used when displaying a DNA sequence. It is presented in the
5′ to 3′ direction
.
How do you transcribe DNA?
Steps of Transcription
It occurs when
the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a region
of a gene called the promoter. This signals the DNA to unwind so the enzyme can ”read” the bases in one of the DNA strands. The enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mRNA with a complementary sequence of bases.
What happens during initiation elongation and termination?
Next, the large ribosomal subunit binds to form the complete initiation complex. During the elongation stage, the ribosome continues to translate each codon in turn. … Elongation continues until all of the codons are read. Lastly,
termination occurs when the ribosome reaches a stop codon (UAA, UAG, and UGA)
.
What happens at the 5 end?
What happens at the 5′ end of the primary transcript in RNA processing?
it receives a 5′ cap, where a form of guanine modified to have 3 phosphates on it is added after the first 20-40 nucleotides
. … An enzyme adds 50-250 adenine nucleotides, forming a poly-A tail.
What are the 5 steps of transcription?
- of 05. Pre-Initiation. Atomic Imagery / Getty Images. …
- of 05. Initiation. Forluvoft / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain. …
- of 05. Promoter Clearance. …
- of 05. Elongation. …
- of 05. Termination.
What is translation process?
Translation is the
process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis
. The genetic code describes the relationship between the sequence of base pairs in a gene and the corresponding amino acid sequence that it encodes.
What is translation and its steps?
Translation is the process by which the genetic code contained within a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. It occurs in the cytoplasm following DNA transcription and, like transcription, has three stages:
initiation, elongation and termination
.
What occurs during translation?
During translation,
the mRNA attaches to a ribosome
. Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules then “read” the mRNA code and translate the message into a sequence of amino acids. Every three nucleotides in the mRNA make up one codon, which corresponds to one amino acid in the resulting protein.
What are the steps of translation in prokaryotes?
- Activation of aminoacids: The activation of aminoacids take place in cytosol. The activation of aminoacids is catalyzed by their aminoacyl tRNA synthetases. …
- Initiation:
- Elongation: i. …
- Termination: The peptide bond formation and elongation of polypeptide continues until stop codon appear on A-site.
