What are four main reasons for the increase of crime labs in the US?
Increase in crime rates; increase in drug-related arrests; the advent of DNA testing;
and emphasis on scientific evidence by Supreme Court rulings.
What are 4 reasons the number of crime labs has steadily increased since the 1960’s?
- FBI.
- Drug Enforcement Admin.
- Bureau of alcohol, tobacco, firearms, and explosives.
- U.S. Postal Inspection Service.
Why did the number of crime labs increase?
Today, there are over 400 publicly funded crime labs. In 2002, there were 11,000 full-time personnel at crime labs; by 2009, there were about 13,000 and in 2014 there were 14,300. Crime labs expanded
in part due to drug enforcement efforts and accompanying demands to conduct drug testing.
What are the 4 main parts of a crime lab?
These include
weapon identification, fingerprinting, document analysis, chemical identification, and trace analysis of hair and fibers
. Two newer disciplines that have become major components of the twenty-first century crime laboratory are DNA analysis and explosive investigation.
What are 4 types of search patterns?
Common search patterns include
the spiral, strip/line, grid, zone/quadrant, and pie/ wheel
. The spiral search is used most often for outdoor crime scenes, is conducted by one person, and is done by walking in a circle from the outermost point of the inner perimeter toward the center of the circle.
What are the primary purposes of digital crime labs?
1.
Examine and collect relevant digital evidence that may exist on personal computers in support of a crime
. 2. Digital crime labs are also instrumental in securing evidence that directly involve computer crimes such as money laundering, possessing child pornography, embezzlement, fraud, and identity theft.
What are the 4 major federal crime labs in the US?
These four major federal crime labs help investigate and enforce criminal laws beyond the jurisdictional boundaries of state and local forces:
FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation), DEA (Drug Enforcement Agency), Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, and U.S. Postal Inspection Service
.
What are 4 places organizations that may hire or employ a forensic scientist?
Federal agencies, such as
the Justice Department, Treasury Department, Postal Inspection Service and Health and Human Services
employ forensic scientists who specialize in a particular area of forensics, such as ammunition, DNA, explosives, trace evidence or hazardous materials.
What are the 3 main functions of a forensic scientist?
- Collecting evidence.
- Analyzing evidence.
- Communicating with law enforcement and…
What are four major types of scientific testing conducted by crime laboratories?
Forensic laboratories conduct many different scientific practices including
forensic biology, toxicology, controlled substance identification and latent print analysis
.
What are the 5 basic services provided by crime labs?
- Document unit. Handwriting analyisis/ other questioned documents.
- Biology Unit. Investigates blood, bodily fluids, hair, fibers.
- Photographic Unit. Applies specialized photo techniques to record and examine physical evidence.
- Fire arms unit. …
- Physical science unit.
What are the 3 major crime labs within the Department of Justice?
The Department of Justice maintains forensic laboratories at
the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, the Drug Enforcement Administration, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation
.
What are 4 different types of crime scenes?
Different types of crime scenes include
outdoors, indoor, and conveyance
. Outdoor crime scenes are the most difficult to investigate. The exposure to elements such as rain, wind, or heat, as well as animal activity, contaminates the crime scene and leads to the destruction of evidence.
What are the four types of crime scene sketches?
They refer to a handmade pictorial representation of conditions at a crime scene. There are 4 main types of sketches:
floor plan, elevation drawing, exploded view, and perspective drawings
. Each type has its own limitations and are used when called upon (because of the scene).
Why are crime scenes always searched in a grid?
crime scenes are always searched in a grid
to ensure that all potential evidence is found
. the crime scene officer will analyze the evidence that is collected at a crime scene.
What are the four major steps to completing the processing of digital evidence?
There are four phases involved in the initial handling of digital evidence:
identification, collection, acquisition, and preservation
( ISO/IEC 27037 ; see Cybercrime Module 4 on Introduction to Digital Forensics).
