- Review words from the last session.
- Auditory bombardment (1-2 minutes).
- Introduction of target words for the session (usually 5-6 words).
- Play games requiring the child to practice the target words.
- Probe for next session targets.
- Repeat auditory bombardment.
When was the cycles approach created?
The Cycles Approach (Hodson & Paden,
1983, 1991
) is an intervention method used with severe phonological disorders. The Cycles Approach (Hodson & Paden, 1983, 1991) addresses a child's use of phonological processes by cyclically targeting affected sound classes.
What is the cycles approach Asha?
The cycles approach
targets phonological pattern errors
and is designed for children with highly unintelligible speech who have extensive omissions, some substitutions, and a restricted use of consonants. Treatment is scheduled in cycles ranging from 5 to 16 weeks.
Is cycles approach evidence based?
Conclusion: Considering the research studies over the past three decades, Cycles Approach can be considered as
an evidence-based treatment
and the therapists can apply it as an appropriate method to interfere with the speech sound disorders in children having moderate to severe phonological disorders.
How does the cycles approach work?
The cycles approach
treats children who use a lot of different phonological processes (error patterns) by targeting each process for a short amount of time and then cycling through other phonological processes
. … Therapy is continued for each process until it is eliminated from the child's conversational speech.
What is the complexity approach?
Within a complexity approach,
targets are selected for treatment based on characteristics of the targets
(e.g., developmental norms, implicational universals) and characteristics of children's knowledge of the targets (e.g., accuracy, stimulability).
Is phonological disorder a developmental delay?
Phonological errors are a part of normal development of speech, however as a as child's articulatory skills increase the phonological errors start to fade out. Developmental phonological errors have milestones by
which they should start to fade out
and the age they should be eliminated by.
When do we use minimal pairs approach?
Who is it for? The Minimal Pairs Approach is suitable for
children with mild or moderate speech sound disorders
When should Deaffrication be eliminated?
| Assimilation (Consonant Harmony) One sound becomes the same or similar to another sound in the word | Process Description Likely Age of Elimination** | Gliding liquid (/r/, /l/) is replaced with a glide (/w/, /j/) 6–7 | Deaffrication affricate is replaced with a fricative 4 |
|---|
What are Metaphonological skills?
In this paper the terms ‘metaphonological skills' and ‘phonological awareness' skills will be used interchangeably and will be defined as
an awareness of the phonological properties of words
(Major and Bernhardt, 1998).
What is the multiple oppositions approach?
The approach of multiple oppositions
directly addresses the multiple absence of adult sounds that results from extensive phoneme collapses
. When the contrastive function of several sounds is absent, the result is homonymy. That is, two or more words are pronounced alike, but have different meanings.
What is the core vocabulary approach?
The aim of the Core Vocabulary approach is to (1)
identify a group of words that frequently part of the child's functional vocabulary
(50 words minimum), (2) teach the child to consistently and accurately produce these words, and (3) for the child to use these words spontaneously when they communicate.
What is maximal oppositions approach?
The maximal oppositions approach
pairs one sound that is known (i.e., used)
by the child and one sound that is unknown (i.e., not used) by the child in non-homonymous contrasts.
What is the Stimulability approach?
Traditionally, ‘stimulable' has meant that
a consonant or vowel can be produced in isolation by a child
, in direct imitation of an auditory and visual model with or without instructions, cues, imagery, feedback and encouragement.
What does the complexity approach target?
The goal of the Complexity Approach is to
produce “system wide change” to children's speech
to make them easier to understand and to close the gap with typically developing children as quickly as possible.
What is the traditional articulation approach?
In this approach, the parents or caregivers work together with the child on one sound that is selected by the speech-language pathologist. In traditional articulation therapy,
one sound is worked on at a time
. For instance, you may work on the sound /s/ in the initial position.
