| Term Meaning | Interphase Phase of the cell cycle where the cell grows and makes a copy of its DNA | Mitosis Phase of the cell cycle where the cell separates its DNA into two sets and divides, forming two new cells | Cancer A disease of uncontrolled cell growth |
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In what stage does the cell grow and copy its DNA?
A cell cycle is a series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides. A cell spends most of its time in what is called
interphase
, and during this time it grows, replicates its chromosomes, and prepares for cell division. The cell then leaves interphase, undergoes mitosis, and completes its division.
During which part of the cell is DNA copied?
Because of this, DNA makes a copy of itself in a process known as replication during
interphase
, a stage that occurs before cells divide.
In what process is DNA copied?
Replication
is the process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. DNA replication is one of the most basic processes that occurs within a cell.
Where does DNA replication occur?
DNA replication occurs
in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes and in the nucleus of eukaryotes
. Regardless of where DNA replication occurs, the basic process is the same. The structure of DNA lends itself easily to DNA replication. Each side of the double helix runs in opposite (anti-parallel) directions.
What are the 7 steps of DNA replication?
- Initiation.
- Primer Synthesis.
- Leading Strand Synthesis.
- Lagging Strand Synthesis.
- Primer Removal.
- Ligation.
- Termination.
What is the purpose of DNA?
What does DNA do? DNA
contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop, survive and reproduce
. To carry out these functions, DNA sequences must be converted into messages that can be used to produce proteins, which are the complex molecules that do most of the work in our bodies.
What are the 5 steps in DNA replication?
- Step 1: Replication Fork Formation. Before DNA can be replicated, the double stranded molecule must be “unzipped” into two single strands.
- Step 2: Primer Binding. The leading strand is the simplest to replicate.
- Step 3: Elongation.
- Step 4: Termination.
How does DNA replication begin?
DNA replication initiates at specific points, called
origins
, where the DNA double helix is unwound. A short segment of RNA, called a primer, is then synthesized and acts as a starting point for new DNA synthesis. An enzyme called DNA polymerase next begins replicating the DNA by matching bases to the original strand.
Does DNA replication occur in all cells?
In molecular biology, DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule. DNA replication
occurs in all living organisms
acting as the most essential part for biological inheritance.
How often does DNA replication occur?
The preparation for DNA replication initiation is tightly linked to cell-cycle progression, ensuring that replication occurs only
once per cycle
. The time is ripe for a molecular dissection of the links between the two processes.
What is DNA replication called?
DNA replication is called
semiconservative
What causes DNA to replicate?
DNA replication is one of the most basic processes that occurs within a cell. Each time a cell divides, the two resulting daughter cells must contain exactly the
same genetic information
, or DNA, as the parent cell. To accomplish this, each strand of existing DNA acts as a template for replication.
What are the different types of DNA replication?
- Conservative. Replication produces one helix made entirely of old DNA and one helix made entirely of new DNA.
- Semi-conservative. Replication produces two helices that contain one old and one new DNA strand.
- Dispersive.
What are the 3 functions of DNA?
DNA now has three distinct functions—
genetics, immunological, and structural
—that are widely disparate and variously dependent on the sugar phosphate backbone and the bases.
Where does DNA come from?
Your genome is inherited from your parents, half from your mother and half from your father
. The gametes are formed during a process called meiosis. Like your genome, each gamete is unique, which explains why siblings from the same parents do not look the same.
