Peace was decreed by the signing of the Thirty Years Treaty in 445 B.C., effective until 437 B.C., when the Peloponnesian War began. A civil war in the obscure country of Epidamnus led to the involvement of Sparta’s ally, Corinth.
Who won Peloponnesian War?
Athens was forced to surrender, and
Sparta
won the Peloponnesian War in 404 BC. Spartans terms were lenient. First, the democracy was replaced by on oligarchy of thirty Athenians, friendly to Sparta. The Delian League was shut down, and Athens was reduced to a limit of ten triremes.
What side was the Peloponnesian War On?
The Peloponnesian War was a war fought in
ancient Greece between Athens and Sparta
—the two most powerful city-states in ancient Greece at the time (431 to 405 B.C.E.). This war shifted power from Athens to Sparta, making Sparta the most powerful city-state in the region.
What caused the civil war between Athens and Sparta?
The reasons for this war are sometimes traced back as far as the democratic reforms of Cleisthenes, which Sparta always opposed. However, the more immediate reason for the war was
Athenian control of the Delian League
, the vast naval alliance that allowed it to dominate the Mediterranean Sea.
Who is to blame for the Peloponnesian War?
Alcibiades
. Alcibiades, (born c. 450 bce, Athens [Greece]—died 404, Phrygia [now in Turkey]), brilliant but unscrupulous Athenian politician and military commander who provoked the sharp political antagonisms at Athens that were the main causes of Athens’ defeat by Sparta in the Peloponnesian War (431–404 bce).
What is Sparta called today?
Sparta, also known as Lacedaemon, was an ancient Greek city-state located primarily in the present-day region of southern Greece called
Laconia
.
Who defeated Sparta?
Modern scholars estimate that
Xerxes I
crossed the Hellespont with approximately 360,000 soldiers and a navy of 700 to 800 ships, reaching Greece in 480 BCE. He defeated the Spartans at Thermopylae, conquered Attica, and sacked Athens.
Why did Sparta Not Destroy Athens?
Like the Athenians before the war, the Spartans believed in rule by force rather than cooperation. … Sparta, however, had another motive for sparing Athens: they
feared that a destroyed Athens would add to the growth in influence of Thebes
, just north of Athens.
What were the stages of the Peloponnesian War?
The Peloponnesian War is traditionally divided into three phases:
the Archidamian War (431-421), the Peace of Nicias and the Sicilian Expedition (420-413), and the Ionian War (412-404)
.
Why did Athens lose the Peloponnesian War?
Athens lost the Peloponnesian War for two main reasons. …
The invasion lost Alcibiades, all of the army and navy, and Athens’ morale
. Though the war dragged on for another decade, the combined effects of those two problems lost the Peloponnesian War for Athens.
Which was the most important effect of the Peloponnesian War?
The most important effect of the Peloponnesian War was the
fact that other nations saw Greece’s lack of unification as weak
. The Peloponnesian War was the armed conflict between Sparta its allies and Athens and its allies to gain control over Athens.
Did Sparta invade Athens?
The Spartan strategy during the first war, known as the Archidamian War (431–421 BC) after Sparta’s king Archidamus II, was to invade
the land surrounding Athens
. … The longest Spartan invasion, in 430 BC, lasted just forty days.
Why did Athens lose the Peloponnesian War quizlet?
What contributed to Athens losing the Peloponnesian War? –
Athens was overcrowded, and a plague spread through the city
. – The death of Pericles led the Spartans to attack Athens directly. – The Spartans successfully broke through the walls around Athens.
What eventually happened to Sparta in 146 BC?
The decisive Battle of Leuctra in 371 BCE ended the Spartan hegemony, although the city-state maintained its political independence until
the Roman conquest of Greece
in 146 BCE.
What did Sparta gain from the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta. As a result of the Peloponnesian War, Sparta, which had primarily been a continental culture,
became a naval power
. At its peak, Sparta overpowered many key Greek states, including the elite Athenian navy.
Who caused the Peloponnesian War?
The primary causes were that
Sparta feared the growing power and influence of the Athenian Empire
. The Peloponnesian war began after the Persian Wars ended in 449 BCE. The two powers struggled to agree on their respective spheres of influence, absent Persia’s influence.
