Viruses have two main features in common with animal cells,
a genome and a membrane
.
Which feature do viruses have in common with animal cells quizlet?
The characteristics that viruses have common with living organisms are
reproduction and heredity
. They can only reproduce inside the host cell and they do have DNA or RNA.
Which is an activity that increases the genetic variation within a population?
Genetic variation can be caused by
mutation
(which can create entirely new alleles in a population), random mating, random fertilization, and recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis (which reshuffles alleles within an organism’s offspring).
Which feature do viruses have in common with animals?
Like other viruses, animal viruses are tiny packages of protein and nucleic acid. They have
a protein shell, or capsid, and genetic material made of DNA or RNA that’s tucked inside the caspid
. They may also feature an envelope, a sphere of membrane made of lipid. Animal virus capsids come in many shapes.
What do all viruses have in common?
All viruses contain
nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA
(but not both), and a protein coat, which encases the nucleic acid. Some viruses are also enclosed by an envelope of fat and protein molecules. In its infective form, outside the cell, a virus particle is called a virion.
What increases genetic variation?
Gene duplication, mutation, or other processes can produce new genes and alleles
and increase genetic variation. New genetic variation can be created within generations in a population, so a population with rapid reproduction rates will probably have high genetic variation.
Which species have the highest genetic variation?
The split gill mushroom (Schizophyllum commune)
has a nucleotide diversity of up to 20%, according to a 2015 study published in the journal Molecular Biology and Evolution. According to the study, that’s the greatest genetic diversity reported for any eukaryote, or organism whose cells have a nucleus.
Can evolution occur in the absence of genetic variation?
Without genetic variation,
a population cannot evolve in response to changing environmental variables
and, as a result, may face an increased risk of extinction. For example, if a population is exposed to a new disease, selection will act on genes for resistance to the disease if they exist in the population.
What do viruses and cell have in common?
Still, viruses have some important features in common with cell-based life. For instance, they have
nucleic acid genomes based on the same genetic code
that’s used in your cells (and the cells of all living creatures). Also, like cell-based life, viruses have genetic variation and can evolve.
How do animal viruses multiply?
To multiply,
a virus has to enter a living cell
. Thereafter, the viral genome is released from the capsid, and interacts with the host cell in order to replicate and to produce viral proteins.
Do viruses have DNA?
Most viruses have either RNA or DNA as their genetic material
. The nucleic acid may be single- or double-stranded. The entire infectious virus particle, called a virion, consists of the nucleic acid and an outer shell of protein. The simplest viruses contain only enough RNA or DNA to encode four proteins.
What do both bacteria and viruses have in common?
All they have is
a protein coat and a core of genetic material
, either RNA or DNA. Unlike bacteria, viruses can’t survive without a host. They can only reproduce by attaching themselves to cells. In most cases, they reprogram the cells to make new viruses until the cells burst and die.
How bacteria and viruses are similar and different?
Bacteria are single-celled, living organisms. They have a cell wall and all the components necessary to survive and reproduce, although some may derive energy from other sources. Viruses are not considered to be “living” because they require a host cell to survive long-term, for energy, and to reproduce.
What are 5 characteristics of a virus?
These are: 1) attachment; 2) penetration; 3) uncoating; 4) replication; 5) assembly; 6)release. As shown in , the virus must first attach itself to the host cell.
What are the 3 types of genetic variation?
For a given population, there are three sources of variation:
mutation, recombination, and immigration of genes
.
What are the two main sources of genetic variation?
Natural selection acts upon two major sources of genetic variation:
mutations and recombination of genes through sexual reproduction
.
