Specific policy initiatives that would support these goals include enhancing public health models of community-based treatment that do not rely on the criminal justice system to provide services; identifying models of drug offender diversion in the court system that effectively target prison-bound defendants;
repealing
…
What can be done to reduce sentencing disparity?
Disparity must be reduced by
providing sentencers with the knowledge required to render sentences in
accordance with the factors relevant to the particular sentencing system.
How judges can reduce racial disparities in the criminal justice system?
By deferring to other actors in the sys- tem,
judges who employ noninterventionist strategies
may unintentionally allow for the reproduction of racial disparities that emanate at earlier stages of the criminal-justice process, such as through the actions and possible biases of the police, prosecutors, and defense …
How can we reduce racial disparity in the juvenile justice system?
Improve Youth-Police Relationships
To help reduce disparities at the arrest stage, as well as to reduce the number of overall arrests, many communities conduct training programs for law enforcement that help police to develop skills that enable more positive interactions with youth, particularly youth of color.
What is meant by disparities in sentencing?
Sentencing disparity is defined as
a circumstance where similar cases are not treated similarly or different cases are not treated differently
.
What are the two most common reasons for disparity in sentencing?
Racism and sexism
Some prison reform and prison abolition supporters have argued that race and gender are both valid reasons for disparity in sentencing.
What are the four goals of sentencing?
Four major goals are usually attributed to the sentencing process:
retribution, rehabilitation, deterrence, and incapacitation
. Retribution refers to just deserts: people who break the law deserve to be punished.
How can racial disparities be reduced in healthcare?
Increase awareness of racial and ethnic disparities in health care among the general public.
Strengthen patient-provider relationships in publicly funded health plans
. Apply the same managed care protections to publicly funded HMO participants that apply to private HMO participants.
What are racial disparities in healthcare?
The Institute of Medicine defines disparities as “
racial or ethnic differences in the quality of health care that are not due to access-related factors or clinical needs, preferences, and appropriateness of intervention
.” Racial and ethnic minorities tend to receive poorer quality care compared with nonminorities, even …
What is the CJS?
Criminal Justice System
(CJS) – The collection of agencies including, but not limited to, the police, the courts, the Ministry of Justice and the Home Office which are involved in the detection and prevention of crime, the prosecution of people accused of committing crimes, the conviction and sentencing of those found …
Which types of offenses are only applicable to juveniles?
Offenses that only apply to juvenile-age youth and children. Include
running away, curfew violations, truancy, alcohol violations, and disobeying parents
.
What is racial disparity in the juvenile justice system?
Racial disparities in the juvenile justice system, more commonly known as disproportionate minority contact (DMC), are the
overrepresentation, disparity, and disproportionate numbers of youth of color entering and moving deeper into the juvenile justice system
.
How does race affect the juvenile justice system?
Racial disparities grow with almost every step of the juvenile justice system but
start with arrests
. Among those juveniles who are arrested, black youth are more likely to have their cases referred to juvenile court.
Are there racial disparities in sentencing?
Key findings:
Latinos and blacks tend to be sentenced more harshly than whites for lower-level crimes
such as drug crimes and property crimes; However, Latinos and blacks convicted of high-level drug offenses also tend to be more harshly sentenced than similarly-situated whites.
What is mandatory sentencing?
A mandatory sentence is a sentence which
provides a mandatory or minimum sentence when is found guilty of a crime
. This limits a judge’s discretion, in particular the influence of mitigating and aggravating circumstances, in sentencing.
What sentence is the primary alternative to incarceration?
that alternatives to incarceration (
probation, restitution, community service, and/or rehabilitative services
) are the most appropriate sentence for nonviolent, non-serious offenders and that prison or jail are appropriate only if these alternatives fail.
