Who Is an Author? The ICMJE recommends that authorship be based on the following 4 criteria:
Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work
; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND. Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; AND.
In many disciplines, the author order indicates
the magnitude of contribution
, with the first author adding the most value and the last author representing the most senior, predominantly supervisory role. In this model, disputes may arise regarding who merits sole or shared first authorship.
Authors are generally defined as
persons who have contributed sufficiently to a scientific report to be listed on the byline of the published report
. Many journals provide guidelines on authorship in their instructions for authors.
Who Is an Author? The ICMJE recommends that authorship be based on the following 4 criteria:
Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work
; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND. Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; AND.
The equal contributions footnote specifies
if two or more authors contributed to the manuscript equally
. It would appear under the author byline on the PDF. If only some of the authors have the equal contribution designation, the footnote will say, “These authors contributed equally”.
- they have made substantial intellectual contributions to some components of the original work described in the manuscript; and.
- they have participated in drafting and/or revision of the manuscript and.
- They are aware the manuscript has been submitted for publication; and.
Can I submit same article to multiple journals?
Please note that it is
considered highly unethical to submit the same
manuscript to more than one journal simultaneously. Almost all of the well-indexed journals do not generally review manuscripts being considered elsewhere. Multiple journal submission at the same time leads to a waste of the journal’s resources.
Authorship Standards. Authorship of a scientific or scholarly paper
Shared co-first authorship is defined as
two or more authors who have worked together on a publication and contributed equally
[8]. … Some journals publish articles in which shared coauthorship is described, making it easy to determine author contribution.
It’s always good to have another paper
, even if you are second author. A hiring or review committee may ask you to describe your own contribution to the paper. As long as you can do that honestly and point to some substantive contribution to the paper, it will be to your benefit.
An author is a person who is involved in creating written content entirely on their own. Co-authors on the other hand are
those who work in tandem with an author
to help them write a piece of literary work.
The responsibilities of an author include
writing original stories for novels, plays, television scripts, and movies
. Authors also write journals, develop story elements, and rewrite and revise pieces written by other writers.
- Choose subjects that interests readers.
- Write fiction or nonfiction scripts, biographies, and other formats.
- Conduct research to get factual information and authentic detail.
- Write advertising copy for newspapers, magazines, broadcasts, and the Internet.
- Present drafts to editors and clients for feedback.
How many journals should I submit to?
It
is not recommended to submit a manuscript to more than one journal at the same time
. “Articles submitted for publication must be original and must not have been submitted to any other publication. “
How do I decide which journal to submit to?
- Scientific Rigor. A key indicator of journal quality is the scientific rigor of the publications published in the journal. …
- Editorial Quality. …
- Peer Review Process. …
- Ethics. …
- Editorial Board Members. …
- Journal Reputation/Business Model. …
- Author Rights and Copyright. …
- Indexing Status.
