Loftus and Palmer aimed
to show that leading questions could distort EWT accounts via the cues provided in the question
. To test this hypothesis, Loftus and Palmer asked people to estimate the speed of motor vehicles using different forms of questions after they had observed a car accident.
What is construction hypothesis Loftus?
Loftus concluded that
false information could thus also affect the original memory
. … She suggested her research findings could advocate a ‘construction’ hypothesis (the original memory is reconstructed to include new information).
What is reconstructive hypothesis?
To account for the results of the second experiment, Loftus and Palmer developed the following explanation:
They argue that two kinds of information go into a person’s memory of an event
. … This explanation is often referred to as the reconstructive hypothesis.
Why is Loftus and Palmer a lab experiment?
They found that
misleading information did not alter
the memory of people who had witnessed a real armed robbery. This implies that misleading information may have a greater influence in the lab rather and that Loftus and Palmer’s study may have lacked ecological validity.
What questions did Loftus and Palmer ask?
LOFTUS AND PALMER
For example, some subjects were asked,
“About how fast were the cars going when they hit each other?
” while others were asked, “About how fast were the cars going when they smashed into each other?” As Fillmore (1971) and Bransford and McCarrell (in press) have noted, hit and si.
What was the significance of Loftus smashed versus contacted study quizlet?
The entire experiment lasted about an hour and a half and a different ordering of the films was presented to each group of Ps. These results show that the phrasing of the question brought about a change in speed estimate. The verb
‘smashed’ elicited a higher speed estimate that the verb ‘contacted’
.
What is an effective hypothesis?
An effective hypothesis is
one that can be tested
. … After the preliminary research is complete, construct a hypothesis, or an educated guess, on the outcome of the experiment(s). The hypothesis must be worded so that it can be tested in the experiment(s) and it must include both independent and dependent variables.
What is an example of reconstructive memory?
Reconstructive memory refers to the process of assembling information from stored knowledge when a clear or coherent memory of specific events does not exist. For example,
an interviewer may work with crime victim to assemble a memory of the traumatic events surrounding a crime
.
Is reconstructive memory a theory?
Reconstructive memory is
a theory of memory recall
, in which the act of remembering is influenced by various other cognitive processes including perception, imagination, semantic memory and beliefs, amongst others.
Is memory a reconstructive process?
Memory Misdirection
As you recall your past experiences, your brain uses current knowledge to reconstruct the past. This reconstructive memory process allows our brains to efficiently encode and retrieve information, but it can lead to compelling errors in recollection.
What is the Lost in the Mall experiment?
The “lost in the mall” technique or experiment is
a memory implantation technique used to demonstrate that confabulations about events that never took place
– such as having been lost in a shopping mall as a child – can be created through suggestions made to experimental subjects that their older relative was present …
Is Loftus and Palmer valid?
Loftus and Palmer’s research
has questionable ecological validity
. On the one hand, questioning participants about everyday events like a car crash appears to be a genuine measure of eyewitness testimony. … A second weakness of Loftus and Palmer’s research is that their study lacks population validity.
Who conducted the car crash experiment?
Just how valid are eye-witness testimonies? In 1974, it was tested by
Elizabeth Loftus and John Palmer
. The two psychologists set out to test if language can alter testimonies.
What is a false memory syndrome?
False Memory Syndrome (FMS) is
caused by memories of a traumatic episode, most commonly childhood sexual abuse
, which are objectively false, but in which the person strongly believes. These pseudomemories usually arise in the context of adult psychotherapy and are often quite vivid and emotionally charged.
What type of study is Bartlett 1932?
Bartlett, F. C. (1932). Remembering:
A study in experimental and social psychology
.
What is a misleading question psychology?
If a question contains misleading information,
it can distort the memory of the event
, a phenomenon that psychologists have dubbed “the misinformation effect.”
