DNA replication takes place in
S phase of interphase
. DNA polymerase is responsible for DNA replication. Thus its activity will be maximum during S phase.
Is DNA polymerase active during mitosis?
Transcription of ribosomal RNA genes by RNA polymerase (pol) I oscillates during the cell cycle, being maximal in S and G
2
phase,
repressed during mitosis
, and gradually recovering during G
1
progression.
Where is DNA polymerase found in the cell?
Eukaryotic cells contain five DNA polymerases: α, β, γ, δ, and ε.
Polymerase γ is located in mitochondria
and is responsible for replication of mitochondrial DNA. The other four enzymes are located in the nucleus and are therefore candidates for involvement in nuclear DNA replication.
During which phase of the cell cycle does the DNA polymerase synthesis?
In the eukaryotic cell cycle, chromosome duplication occurs during “
S phase
” (the phase of DNA synthesis) and chromosome segregation occurs during “M phase” (the mitosis phase).
Why interphase is the most active part of the cell cycle?
Interphase is the phase of the cell cycle in which a typical cell spends most of its life. Interphase is the ‘daily living’ or metabolic phase of the cell, in which
the cell obtains nutrients and metabolizes them, grows, replicates its DNA in preparation for mitosis, and conducts other “normal” cell functions
.
What does DNA polymerase do?
DNA polymerase is
responsible for the process of DNA replication
, during which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied into two identical DNA molecules. Scientists have taken advantage of the power of DNA polymerase molecules to copy DNA molecules in test tubes via polymerase chain reaction, also known as PCR.
What are the functions of DNA polymerase?
The primary role of DNA polymerases is to
accurately and efficiently replicate the genome in order to ensure the maintenance of the genetic information and its faithful transmission through generations
.
What direction does the DNA polymerase move?
DNA polymerases can only make DNA in the
5′ to 3′
direction, and this poses a problem during replication. A DNA double helix is always anti-parallel; in other words, one strand runs in the 5′ to 3′ direction, while the other runs in the 3′ to 5′ direction.
What direction does DNA polymerase only travel in?
DNA Polymerase Only Moves in
One Direction
As previously mentioned, DNA polymerase can only add to the 3′ end, so the 5′ end of the primer remains unaltered. Consequently, synthesis proceeds immediately only along the so-called leading strand.
Where does DNA polymerase come from?
The history of DNA polymerase is
rooted in the work of Arthur Kornberg who in 1948 discovered that an enzyme he extracted from potatoes (nucleotide pyrophosphatase)
could synthesise Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a coenzyme found in all living cells.
In which phase of mitotic cell cycle does maximum DNA synthesis take place?
Thus, the correct answer is ‘
S phase
. ‘
Is interphase the most active stage?
| Question Why is so called resting stage, the interphase considered the most active stage of cell cycle ? | Students Liked 3.0 K + |
|---|
Why is G1 longest?
Why is G1 phase the longest? G1 is typically the longest phase of the cell cycle. This can be explained by the fact that
G1 follows cell division in mitosis; G1 represents the first chance for new cells have to grow
. Cells usually remain in G1 for about 10 hours of the 24 total hours of the cell cycle.
At what phase is the DNA most difficult to see under a microscope?
The stage at which it is most difficult to see DNA is
during Interphase
. In Interphase, all of the DNA present is in the form of thin chromatin that…
What is the role of DNA polymerase in this process quizlet?
The DNA polymerase is the enzyme that
joins individual nucleotides to produce a new strand of DNA
it produces the sugar phosphate bonds that join the nucleotides together and it proof reads each new DNA strand so that each copy is a near perfect copy of the original.
What are the main functions of DNA polymerase quizlet?
The main function of DNA polymerase is to
add new nucleotides to the 3′ end of a growing chain
.
Why does DNA polymerase only work in one direction?
Since DNA polymerase requires a free 3′ OH group for initiation of synthesis
, it can synthesize in only one direction by extending the 3′ end of the preexisting nucleotide chain. Hence, DNA polymerase moves along the template strand in a 3′-5′ direction, and the daughter strand is formed in a 5′-3′ direction.
Why does polymerase move in opposite directions?
DNA polymerase moves in opposite directions
because it is only able to attach to a free 3′ end
. DNA polymerase is a three dimensional enzyme and can…
Where does DNA transcription occur?
The process of Transcription takes place
in the cytoplasm in prokaryotes and in nucleus in eukaryotes
. It uses DNA as a template to make an RNA (mRNA) molecule. During transcription, a strand of mRNA is made that is complementary to a strand of DNA .
