| Alkenyl group Common name Systematic name | CH 2 =CHCH 2 – allyl- 2-propenyl | CH 3 CH=CH- 1-propenyl |
|---|
What do you call an alkene substituent?
The method is required when the alkene is not the priority group. The substituent is named in a similar way to the parent
alkene
. It is named based on the number of carbon atoms in the branch plus the suffix -yl.
How do you name alkane substituents?
In summary, the name of the compound is
written out with the substituents in alphabetical order followed by the base name
(derived from the number of carbons in the parent chain). Commas are used between numbers and dashes are used between letters and numbers. There are no spaces in the name.
How do you name substituents?
If there are two or more different substituents they are listed in
alphabetical order using the base name
(ignore the prefixes). The only prefix which is used when putting the substituents in alphabetical order is iso as in isopropyl or isobutyl.
How do you name a straight chain of alkene?
- Identify the longest carbon chain containing the double bond.
- Determine the prefix for the name of the alkene based on the number of carbon atoms in the chain.
- Number each carbon atom along the longest carbon chain so that the double bonded carbon atoms have the lowest possible number.
What are the first 10 alkanes?
| methane CH 4 | butane C 4 H 10 | pentane C 5 H 12 | hexane C 6 H 14 | heptane C 7 H 16 |
|---|
How are alkanes named?
The names of all alkanes end with -ane. … Alkanes with unbranched carbon chains are
simply named by the number of carbons in the chain
. The first four members of the series (in terms of number of carbon atoms) are named as follows: CH
4
= methane = one hydrogen-saturated carbon.
What is a 5 carbon ring called?
Compounds containing 5 or 6 carbons are called
cyclic
.
What is an OH substituent called?
The carbon bearing the OH (SH) group is numbered as C1. As a substituent: OH is
a “hydroxy” group
.
What is a 3 carbon chain called?
Propene
means three carbons in a chain with a double bond between two of the carbons. Alkyl groups. Compounds like methane, CH
4
, and ethane, CH
3
CH
3
, are members of a family of compounds called alkanes.
Is an alkene a functional group?
| Number Prefix | 7 hepta |
|---|
How do you identify an alkene?
Alkenes and alkynes are named by
identifying the longest chain that contains the double or triple bond
. The chain is numbered to minimize the numbers assigned to the double or triple bond. The suffix of the compound is “-ene” for an alkene or “-yne” for an alkyne.
What are the 4 alkanes?
The first four alkanes are
methane, ethane, propane, and butane
with the Lewis symbols shown below.
How do you remember the first 10 alkanes?
A good way to remember the names of organic molecules is to make up a silly mnemonic
where the first letter of each word matches the first letter of the organic molecules
. For example the first 10 alkanes in order are , Methane, Ethane, Propane, Butane, Pentane, Hexane, Heptane, Octane, Nonane and Decane.
What are the first three alkanes?
We previously introduced the three simplest alkanes—
methane (CH
4
), ethane (C
2
H
6
), and propane (C
3
H
8
)
and they are shown again in Figure 12.2.
