Does feature binding require attention? Currently, there are two opposing views on feature binding in the auditory modality:
according to behavioral studies, this process requires focused attention
, whereas electrophysiological studies suggest that feature binding may be fully automatic and independent of attention.
What role does attention play in binding features?
Treisman’s feature integration theory proposes that
spatially focused attention is necessary to localize and bind the features of an object to the locus of focused attention
, but that simple, salient features can be detected without focusing attention onto their locations (Treisman, 1988; Treisman & Sato, 1990; …
Does maintaining bindings in visual working memory require more attention than maintaining features?
Our findings suggest that
maintaining bindings does not require more attention than maintaining features
when the binding representations are stable in VWM and similarity improves the stability of binding representations.
What does feature binding mean?
Where does feature binding occur?
Pre-attentive (bottom-up) binding of features can occur thanks to processes (i.e., coding of features conjunctions in single neurons and synchronized firing of separate neurons coding different features) that take place in
cortical regions involved in early steps of visual analysis
(as early as V1; e.g., Seymour et al. …
Is attention necessary for perception?
1 Although the leading consensus holds that
attention is necessary but not sufficient for conscious perception
, it is possible that attentional processes are part of the minimal set of mechanisms that are jointly sufficient.
Is feature binding automatic?
Challenging the assumption that
feature binding is an automatic “event” driven by bottom up processes dependent on conjunctively coding neurons or synchrony
, the collection of these articles yield the conclusion that the emergence of a bound object capable of further processing, is itself a sub-process, which is …
What is binding in visual working memory?
6), and it is within this component of working memory that
visual features are initially bound together
. The results of this processing are then fed through to the purely object-based episodic buffer, and it is within this storage capacity that objects are consciously retained and manipulated.
What is binding problem and what does it informs about attention and perception as processing?
The binding problem
refers to 4 problems of perception, used in neuroscience, cognitive science and philosophy of mind
. Including general considerations on coordination,the Subjective unity of perception, and variable binding.
What are the two stages of attention in feature integration theory?
The pre-attention phase is an automatic process which happens unconsciously. The second stage is focused attention in which an individual takes all of the observed features and combines them to make a complete perception. This second stage process occurs if the object doesn’t stand out immediately.
What is selective attention in psychology?
Selective attention refers to
the processes that allow an individual to select and focus on particular input for further processing while simultaneously suppressing irrelevant or distracting information
.
Why does the binding problem happen?
In its most general form, “The Binding Problem”
concerns how items that are encoded by distinct brain circuits can be combined for perception, decision, and action
. In Science, something is called “a problem” when there is no plausible model for its substrate.
How does feature integration theory address the binding problem?
One approach that has been proposed for solving the feature-binding problem is known as feature integration theory (FIT) [3]. This theory
makes the assumption that there is only a single spatial locus of attention within the visual field where features are bound together
.
What is the binding problem in cognitive psychology?
the theoretical issue of how the brain perceives and represents different features, or conjunctions of properties, as one object or event
.
Is perception dependent on attention?
It is natural to conclude in such experiments that
attention is a necessary condition for conscious perception
since unattended stimuli are not seen, and as soon as they are seen performance on the central task decreases (Cohen et al., 2011).
Perception is part of the brain that interprets what we feel, hear, taste and touch into images that we can be able to understand before the mind takes any action.
Attention picks the image and determines what the mind will concentrate on depending on our goals, past experience and areas of interest
(Styles, 2005).
Is attention a part of perception?
Understanding Attention
Not only does our attentional system allow us to focus on something specific in our environment while tuning out irrelevant details, but
it also affects our perception of the stimuli surrounding us
.
Is conscious attention necessary for encoding external stimuli into memory?
What is covert attention?
What is load theory of attention?
Load Theory (Lavie, 1995, 2005) states that
the level of perceptual load in a task (i.e., the amount of information involved in processing task-relevant stimuli) determines the efficiency of selective attention
.
What is binding in memory?
Memory binding refers to
a person’s ability to remember various features of an object, a person, or an event together as a coherent whole
. This is an essential component of episodic memory in everyday life; for instance, it is important to remember face-name associations to establish good relationships.
What is an attentional template?
Given that attentional templates in working memory are the
theoretical lynchpins that allow many models to account for top-down attention effects
, it is critical that we determine under what conditions these target representations in working memory may exist.
What is a episodic buffer?
How attention can affect visual perception?
By focusing on a certain location or aspect of the visual scene,
attention allows us to selectively process information, prioritizing some aspects of information while ignoring others
. Attention lies at the crossroads between perception and cognition.
What is sensory binding?
When your friend speaks, your brain automatically perceptually binds the individual sounds that she utters into coherent, meaningful segments that you perceive as words
. In fact, this process of perceptual binding occurs across our senses as well.
What does binding mean in psychology?
“Binding” refers to
the integration of highly diverse neural information in the forming of one’s cohesive experience
.
What is the difference between endogenous and exogenous attention?
What is similarity theory of attention?
Duncan and Humphreys’ similarity theory suggests that
attention is not drawn to locations but rather to image objects
, and that search efficiency depends on similarities between objects in the scene and possible targets (target–distractor similarity) and between objects within the scene (distractor heterogeneity).
What is feature integration Sprint?
Why is attention considered as a selective process?
Why selective attention is necessary in visual perception?
Visual selective attention is the brain function that modulates ongoing processing of retinal input in order for selected representations
to gain privileged access to perceptual awareness and guide behavior
.
Is selective attention conscious or unconscious?
What is the binding problem of attention?
The Binding Problem. One of the more important concerns in the study of attention is the binding problem:
how to prevent the properties (color, location, etc.) of one object representation from being erroneously assigned to another
(see Chapter 24).
Why is binding important in programming?
1) In general, when a program is compiled, to bind is
to substitute a real for a variable value in the program or to ensure that additional programming will be loaded into storage along with the compiled program
.
Why is binding problem important in psychology?
The binding problem is at the very heart of neuroscience because
it addresses questions about how neurons code the stimuli of the external world, how these stimuli are represented in the brain, and how neurons communicate in general with each other
.
What is the binding problem in working memory?
To have a coherent experience of the external world, we have to
bind different sources of information across features, modalities, time, and space
. This is referred to as the “binding problem” (Treisman, 1996, 1998).
