Bottom-up processing is
an explanation for perceptions that start with an incoming stimulus and working upwards until a representation of the object is formed in our minds
. … It is in the next step of the process, known as perception, that our brains interpret these sensory signals.
What is meant by a bottom-up process in attention quizlet?
Define bottom-up processing. Involves
processing information by starting with the individual elements of a visual stimulus and gradually building up a final representation and interpretation
(Grivas, et al, 2006).
What does bottom-up attention mean?
Attention can be categorized into two distinct functions: bottom-up attention, referring
to attentional guidance purely by externally driven factors to stimuli that are salient because of their inherent properties relative to the background
; and top-down attention, referring to internal guidance of attention based on …
What are examples of bottom-up processing?
In the bottom-up processing approach, perception starts at the sensory input, the stimulus. Thus, perception can be described as data-driven. For example,
there is a flower at the center of a person’s field
.
What is meant by a top-down process in attention?
In top-down processing,
perceptions begin with the most general and move toward the more specific
. These perceptions are heavily influenced by our expectations and prior knowledge. 1 Put simply, your brain applies what it knows to fill in the blanks and anticipate what’s next.
What is the difference between bottom-up and top-down processing quizlet?
“Bottom-up” Processing is sensation it is automatic. It is the process of taking in information from the environment through sensory inputs. “Top
-down” processing is perception
and this is intellectual.
What is a real life example of top-down processing?
For example, suppose
you receive an important letter but a few drops of water have smeared part of the text
. A few letters in different words are now just smudges. Yet, you’re still able to read the letter in its entirety using top-down processing.
What is an example of bottom-up attention?
Bottom-up processing takes place as it happens. For example, if you see
an image of an individual letter on your screen
, your eyes transmit the information to your brain, and your brain puts all of this information together.
How does attention affect decision making?
“When both items are good,
your attention plays a larger role in your decision
and you choose more quickly.” The researchers used data from six eye-tracking studies involving a total of 228 people, some from their lab and some from other researchers. … Eye-trackers measure what they look at before they make their choice.
What is Bottomup theory?
The bottom-up theory says that
reading is a skill in which students learn to read in a step-by-step way
. … The theory recognizes that students must first learn the basics in order to fully understand the more complex components, such as comprehension and inferences.
When would you use bottom-up processing?
Bottom-up processing focuses on interpreting sensory information in real-time (Gibson, 1966). Bottom-up processing occurs as
our sensory receptors receive new sensory information and does not
require the use of prior knowledge or experiences.
What is bottom-up theory of reading?
A bottom-up reading model is a reading model that emphasizes the written or printed text,
it says that reading is driven by a process that results in meaning
(or, in other words, reading is driven by text) and that reading proceeds from part to whole.
What does psychophysics mean?
Psychophysics is
the systematic study of sensory capacities by determining behavioral responses to physical changes in sensory stimuli
.
What is top-down thinking?
Put simply, top-down thinking
means beginning with the most important issue or question
. Getting to this is the real value of top-down thinking and results in keener insight, robust reasoning and clear communication.
What is selective attention?
Selective attention is the
ability to select and preferentially process specific information while simultaneously suppressing the processing of irrelevant
, competing distractors. It is a fundamental ability linked to various cognitive skills and academic achievement.
How do you divide attention?
Divided attention occurs
when mental focus is on multiple tasks or ideas at once
. Also known as multitasking, individuals do this all the time. Examples are singing along to a song while driving, having a conversation while walking, or listening to music while grocery shopping.
