This concept became known as
uniformitarianism
and can be summarized by the phrase “the present is the key to the past.” It was a direct rejection of the prevalent theory of the time, catastrophism, which held that only violent disasters could modify the surface of the earth.
What does the present is the key to the past mean?
The idea that the same natural laws and processes that operate on Earth today have operated in the past is an assumption many geologists use in order to better understand the geologic past. … This idea is known as
uniformitarianism
, also defined as “the present is the key to the past”.
What is the meaning of the phrase the present is the key to the past quizlet?
STUDY
.
Absolute Dating
.
the process of determining exactly when something formed or an event occurred
.
Who coined the phrase the present is the key to the past?
Charles Lyell’s
Principles of Geology was published between 1830-1833, and introduced the famous maxim, ‘the present is the key to the past’.
What is Charles Lyell’s theory?
Lyell argued that
the formation of Earth’s crust took place through countless small changes occurring over vast periods of time
, all according to known natural laws. His “uniformitarian” proposal was that the forces molding the planet today have operated continuously throughout its history.
What is the numeric age of an object called?
| Term Definition | Earth is _______ years old. 4.6 billion. | Uniformitarianism was first stated by _______ James Hutton | The _______ of an object or event is its numeric age. Can be determined through analyzing rates of…… Absolute Age |
|---|
What is the law of superposition quizlet?
The Law of Superposition states
that in an undeformed sequence of sedimentary rocks
, each layer is older than the one above it and younger than the one below it. … An erosional surface separates older metamorphic or igneous rocks from younger sedimentary rocks.
What are 3 examples of uniformitarianism?
Good examples are
the reshaping of a coastline by a tsunami, deposition of mud by a flooding river
, the devastation wrought by a volcanic explosion, or a mass extinction caused by an asteroid impact. The modern view of uniformitarianism incorporates both rates of geologic processes.
What is the currently accepted age of Earth?
Earth is estimated to be
4.54 billion years old
, plus or minus about 50 million years.
What is the concept of Actualism?
Actualism is the philosophical position
that everything there is — everything that can in any sense be said to be — exists, or is actual
. Put another way, actualism denies that there is any kind of being beyond actual existence; to be is to exist, and to exist is to be actual.
What is Lyell famous for?
Charles Lyell, in full Sir Charles Lyell, Baronet, (born November 14, 1797, Kinnordy, Forfarshire, Scotland—died February 22, 1875, London),
Scottish geologist largely responsible for the general acceptance of the view that all features of the Earth’s surface are produced by physical, chemical, and biological processes
…
What is Lyell known for?
Lyell argued that
the formation of Earth’s crust took place through countless small changes occurring over vast periods
of time, all according to known natural laws. His “uniformitarian” proposal was that the forces molding the planet today have operated continuously throughout its history.
What are the 4 Principles of Geology?
- Uniformitarianism.
- Original horizontality.
- Superposition.
- Cross-cutting relationships.
- Walther’s Law.
When layers are cut through by another object the cut is younger than that which is cut through?
The principle of cross-cutting relationships states that
a fault or intrusion
is younger than the rocks that it cuts through. The fault labeled ‘E’ cuts through all three sedimentary rock layers (A, B, and C) and also cuts through the intrusion (D). So the fault must be the youngest formation that is seen.
What is relative age?
Relative age is
the age of a rock layer (or the fossils it contains) compared to other layers
. It can be determined by looking at the position of rock layers. Absolute age is the numeric age of a layer of rocks or fossils.
What compares the age of an object to another?
the law of superposition. The age of an object in relation to the ages of other objects is?
Relative age
.
