A vaccine
is a suspension of weakened, killed, or fragmented microorganisms or toxins or of antibodies or lymphocytes that is administered primarily to prevent disease.
What is the term for process of becoming immune through the use of a vaccine or toxoid?
Active immunity
: The production of antibodies against a specific disease by the immune system. Active immunity can be acquired in two ways, either by contracting the disease or through vaccination.
What is the name for the physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of disease in children?
Pediatrician
: Pediatricians are physicians who specialize in treating children and adolescents.
Which of the following is an important reason for weighing a child?
Weighing the baby is important
because should the baby fail to meet these norms
, it can reflect problems with the baby's health – and so is a fundamental part of diagnosis.
Why is the Dorsogluteal site not recommended for use as an intramuscular injection to a child?
The dorsogluteal site is not recommended for use in children
due to the potential for injury to the sciatic nerve
(CDC, 2011; Nicoll & Hesby, 2002; Rodger & King, 2000; Smalls, 2004). Additionally, the rectus femoris is not by the Advisory Committee of Immunization Practices today.
What are the two types of active immunity?
- Natural immunity is acquired from exposure to the disease organism through infection with the actual disease.
- Vaccine-induced immunity is acquired through the introduction of a killed or weakened form of the disease organism through vaccination.
Which best describes how a vaccine work?
A vaccine works
by training the immune system to recognize and combat pathogens, either viruses or bacteria
. To do this, certain molecules from the pathogen must be introduced into the body to trigger an immune response. These molecules are called antigens, and they are present on all viruses and bacteria.
Is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the respiratory?
A pulmonologist
is a medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating respiratory conditions, including emphysema, bronchitis, and TB, among others.
Which doctor specializes in diagnosing treating and preventing disorders of infants and children?
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Pediatricians
may specialize in treating specific medical conditions or age ranges. A pediatrician is a medical doctor who specializes in treating infants, children, adolescents, and young adults. Pediatric care can begin before conception and continue through pregnancy.
What kind of doctor treats skin disorders?
Dermatologists
are skin care doctors who have expertise in the care of normal skin, and in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the skin, hair, and nails. In addition, dermatologists are knowledgeable in the management of cosmetic disorders of the skin (such as hair loss and scars).
What is the importance of a growth chart?
Growth charts are
used to compare your child's height, weight, and head size against children of the same age
. Growth charts can help both you and your health care provider follow your child as they grow. These charts may provide an early warning that your child has a medical problem.
How do you weigh a child?
- Use a digital scale. …
- Have the child or teen remove shoes and heavy clothing, such as sweaters.
- Have the child or teen stand with both feet in the center of the scale.
- Record the weight to the nearest decimal fraction (for example, 55.5 pounds or 25.1 kilograms).
What is normal growth percentile?
A normal rate of growth means the child's growth points closely follow a percentile line on the chart. We usually don't worry about insufficient (or excessive) growth until a child's growth rate has crossed at least two percentile lines (e.g., from above the 90th percentile to
below the 50th
).
How do you give an injection without pain?
- If you can, make sure your medicine is at room temperature.
- Wait until the alcohol you used to clean where you're going to inject is dry.
- Always use a new needle.
- Get the air bubbles out of the syringe.
- Make sure the needle is lined up right going in and coming out.
- Stick the needle in quickly.
What is the needle length range for a pediatric intramuscular injection?
| Age group Needle length Injection site | Children (birth-18 years) | Infants, 1-12 months 1 inch (25 mm) Anterolateral thigh | Toddlers, 1-2 years 1-1.25 inch (25-32 mm) Anterolateral thigh ( c ) | 5/8 ( b ) -1 inch (16-25 mm) Deltoid muscle of arm |
|---|
What is Z tracking when giving injections?
The Z-track method is
a type of IM injection technique used to prevent tracking (leakage) of the medication into the subcutaneous tissue
(underneath the skin). During the procedure, skin and tissue are pulled and held firmly while a long needle is inserted into the muscle.
