II. S phase (DNA Synthesis) – Each of the
46 chromosomes
are duplicated by the cell.
What is a duplicated chromosome?
Chromosome duplication: Part of a chromosome in duplicate.
A particular kind of mutation involving the production of one or more copies of any piece of DNA
, including sometimes a gene or even an entire chromosome. A duplication is the opposite of a deletion.
How many chromosomes are in a duplicated chromosome?
The genetic material of the cell is duplicated during S phase of interphase just as it was with mitosis resulting in
46 chromosomes and 92 chromatids
during Prophase I and Metaphase I.
How many duplicated chromosomes do humans have?
Diploid describes a cell that contain
two copies
of each chromosome. Nearly all the cells in the human body carry two homologous, or similar, copies of each chromosome.
What is the difference between a duplicated chromosome and a chromatid?
A replicated chromosome (or equivalently, a duplicated chromosome) contains two identical chromatids, also called sister chromatids. The difference between a duplicated chromosome and a chromatid, strictly speaking, is that
a chromosome contains two chromatids that are joined at a structure called a centromere
.
What happens when a chromosome is duplicated?
In chromosomal duplications,
extra copies of a chromosomal region are formed
, resulting in different copy numbers of genes within that area of the chromosome.
What is the difference between duplicated and unduplicated chromosomes?
The structure of chromosomes and chromatin varies through the cell cycle. … Chromosomes may exist as either duplicated or unduplicated. Unduplicated chromosomes are single linear strands, whereas duplicated chromosomes contain two identical copies (called chromatids or sister chromatids) joined by a centromere.
What does an extra chromosome 17 mean?
Potocki-Lupski syndrome is a condition that results from having an extra copy
(duplication )
of a small piece of chromosome 17 in each cell. The duplication occurs on the short (p) arm of the chromosome at a position designated p11. 2. This condition is also known as 17p11. 2 duplication syndrome.
What is the name of these two different color chromosomes?
Some of these, called
X and Y chromosomes
, determine if you are male or female at birth. Males have 1 X chromosome and 1 Y chromosome, and females have 2 X chromosomes. The genes that can give you red-green color blindness are passed down on the X chromosome.
How many centromeres are in a duplicated chromosome?
Cliffs AP bio says there is
1 centromere
per chromosome.. but after a duplicated chromosome splits, the chromatids are considered chromosomes because each chromatid has 1 centromere.
What is the major difference between Chromatin and chromosomes?
Chromatin is a complex formed by histones packaging the
DNA double helix
. Chromosomes are structures of proteins and nucleic acids found in the living cells and carry genetic material. Chromatin is composed of nucleosomes. Chromosomes are composed of condensed chromatin fibers.
What does 2n 16 mean?
Diploid
means two sets of chromosome and haploid is one set. Since here the diploid set is 16 thus one set will be half it, i.e, 8.
Do all chromosomes have the same DNA?
Though
similar in basic appearance
, different chromosomes vary slightly in size and shape. … Different chromosomes contain different genes. That is, each chromosome contains a specific chunk of the genome.
Can a chromosome have one chromatid?
The chromosome consists of
a single chromatid
and is decondensed (long and string-like). The DNA is copied. The chromosome now consists of two sister chromatids, which are connected by proteins called cohesins.
How many DNA is in a chromosome?
One chromosome has
2 strands of
DNA in a double helix. But the 2 DNA strands in chromosomes are very, very long. One strand of DNA can be very short – much shorter than even a small chromosome. Strands of DNA are made by joining together the 4 DNA bases in strings.
How many genes are in a chromosome?
Each chromosome contains
hundreds to thousands of genes
, which carry the instructions for making proteins. Each of the estimated 30,000 genes in the human genome makes an average of three proteins.
