5 During the acquisition phase of classical conditioning, a neutral stimulus
What stimulus causes a response without the need for learning?
In classical conditioning,
unconditioned stimulus (US or UCS)
is defined as any stimulus that can naturally and automatically trigger a response without prior learning or practice. It is also called the primary reinforcer. The involuntary response is a reflex triggered whenever the UCS is present.
What type of learning happens when a stimulus occurs before a response?
Classical conditioning
refers to learning that occurs when a neutral stimulus (e.g., a tone) becomes associated with a stimulus (e.g., food) that naturally produces a behaviour. After the association is learned, the previously neutral stimulus is sufficient to produce the behaviour.
What is a natural response to stimuli?
In classical conditioning, an
unconditioned response
is an unlearned response that occurs naturally in reaction to the unconditioned stimulus. 1 For example, if the smell of food is the unconditioned stimulus, the feeling of hunger in response to the smell of food is the unconditioned response.
What is a response to an unconditioned stimulus that occurs naturally without learning?
Unconditioned Response (UCR): in classical conditioning, the unlearned, naturally occurring response to the unconditioned stimulus (UCS), such as
salivation
when presented with food.
What type of stimulus elicits a response?
Unconditioned stimulus
This type of stimulus unconditionally elicits a response, also referred to as a respondent.
What is another name for something in the environment that elicits a response?
Stimulus
(biology definition): An object, event, or a factor capable of inciting a physiological response. Any of the five senses will respond to a particular stimulus. Based on the stimuli applied to the sensory organs, there are two kinds of stimuli: (1) homologous stimulus and (2) heterologous stimulus.
What is a stimulus in behavior?
Stimuli are
events in the environment that influence behavior
. A single stimulus can serve many different functions. Listed below are several functions that a stimulus can serve. … An observing response is sometimes necessary for presentation of the discriminative stimulus/stimuli.
What type of stimulus elicits a response without prior experience?
The first stimulus
was one that evoked the response to be tested, without prior experience. These types of stimulus-response pairs are known as innate reflexes, and the stimulus is named an unconditioned stimulus (US) and its response an unconditioned response (UCR).
Which of the following is an example of stimulus discrimination?
For example, the
smell of food
is an unconditioned stimulus, while salivating to the smell is an unconditioned response. If the dogs did not drool in response to the trumpet noise, it means that they are able to discriminate between the sound of the tone and the similar stimulus.
What is unconditioned stimulus example?
The unconditioned stimulus is
one that unconditionally, naturally, and automatically triggers a response
. 4 For example, when you smell one of your favorite foods, you may immediately feel very hungry. In this example, the smell of the food is the unconditioned stimulus.
What is an example of conditioned stimulus?
Simply put, a conditioned stimulus makes
an organism react to something
because it is associated with something else. For example, Pavlov’s dog learned to salivate at the sound of a bell. In classical conditioning, the conditioned response (CR) is the learned response to the previously neutral stimulus.
Which is the best example of an unconditioned stimulus?
- A feather tickling your nose causes you to sneeze. …
- Cutting up an onion makes your eyes water. …
- Pollen from grass and flowers cause you to sneeze. …
- Your cat running to its bowl whenever it smells food. …
- A loud bang causes you to flinch away from the sound.
Which of the following is an example of stimulus generalization?
Stimulus generalization is the tendency of a new stimulus to evoke responses or behaviors similar to those elicited by another stimulus. For example, Ivan Pavlov
conditioned dogs to salivate using the sound of a bell and food powder
.
What happens when stimulus generalization occurs?
‘Stimulus generalization occurs when
behavior becomes more probable in the presence of one stimulus or situation as a result of having been reinforced in the presence of another stimulus or situation
‘ (Martin & Pear, 1999, p. 145). This can occur due to physical similarity or due to conceptual learning.
In which type of learning is an antecedent stimulus that does not produce a response linked with a stimulus that does produce the response?
In
classical conditioning
, a stimulus that does not produce a response is paired with a stimulus that does elicit a response. After many such pairings, the stimulus that previously had no effect begins to produce a response.
