| X B X b | Y X B Y X b Y |
|---|
What is the genotype for a female with hemophilia?
| Phenotype Genotype | Normal male XHY | Normal female XHXH | Affected male XhY | Carrier female XhXH |
|---|
What genotype causes hemophilia?
Hemophilia A and hemophilia B are inherited in an
X-linked recessive
pattern . The genes associated with these conditions are located on the X chromosome, which is one of the two sex chromosomes . In males (who have only one X chromosome), one altered copy of the gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the condition.
What chromosome is hemophilia on?
Hemophilia is caused by a mutation or change, in one of the genes, that provides instructions for making the clotting factor proteins needed to form a blood clot. This change or mutation can prevent the clotting protein from working properly or to be missing altogether. These genes are located on
the X chromosome
.
How can a female have hemophilia?
Hemophilia is a rare blood disease that usually occurs in males. In fact, it’s
extremely rare for women to be born with
the condition because of the way it’s passed down genetically. A female would need to inherit two copies of the faulty gene — one from each parent — to develop hemophilia A, B or C.
Can hemophilia be cured?
There is currently no cure for hemophilia
. Effective treatments do exist, but they are expensive and involve lifelong injections several times per week to prevent bleeding.
How many genes do females have for blood clotting?
The hemophilia gene, or coding for the specific blood-clotting factor, is actually found on the X chromosome. So if you think about it, women, or females, carry
two copies of
the hemophilia gene, and if it’s changed, one of them is probably working.
What would the genotypes of the parents have to be for a girl to get hemophilia?
The
X chromosome
from the father with hemophilia will have the hemophilia gene. The girl also gets an X chromosome from her mother. If she gets the normal X chromosome, the girl will be a carrier. If she gets the X chromosome with the hemophilia gene, she will have hemophilia.
What race is hemophilia most common in?
The average age of persons with hemophilia in the United States is 23.5 years. Compared to the distribution of race and ethnicity in the U.S. population,
white race
is more common, Hispanic ethnicity is equally common, while black race and Asian ancestry are less common among persons with hemophilia.
Is hemophilia caused by inbreeding?
Though rare in the general population, the frequency of the mutated allele and the incidence of the disorder was greater among the royal families of Europe due to the
high levels of royal inbreeding
. A case in which the presence of hemophilia B had a particularly significant effect was that of the Romanovs of Russia.
What foods to avoid if you have hemophilia?
- large glasses of juice.
- soft drinks, energy drinks, and sweetened tea.
- heavy gravies and sauces.
- butter, shortening, or lard.
- full-fat dairy products.
- candy.
- foods containing trans fats, including fried. foods and baked goods (pastries, pizza, pie, cookies, and crackers)
Who is most affected by hemophilia?
Affected Populations
Hemophilia A mostly affects
males
but females can also be affected. Approximately 1 in 5,000 newborn males have hemophilia A. Approximately 60% of individuals with hemophilia A have a severe form of the disorder. All racial and ethnic groups are equally affected by hemophilia.
How can you tell if someone has hemophilia?
Diagnosis includes
screening tests and clotting factor tests
. Screening tests are blood tests that show if the blood is clotting properly. Clotting factor tests, also called factor assays, are required to diagnose a bleeding disorder. This blood test shows the type of hemophilia and the severity.
Do female hemophiliacs menstruate?
Women and girls routinely put
up with heavy menstrual bleeding
, often accompanied by other tell-tale symptoms, such as bruising and prolonged bleeding after dental work or childbirth, without realising that they could have a genetic bleeding disorder.
Can hemophiliacs have babies?
If the mother is a hemophilia carrier,
there is a chance that the baby will be born with hemophilia
. In families with a known history of hemophilia, or in those with a prenatal genetic diagnosis of hemophilia, one can plan special testing for hemophilia before the baby’s delivery.
What happens if a girl has hemophilia?
Hemophilia can affect women, too
When a female has hemophilia,
both X chromosomes are affected or one is affected and the other is missing or non-functioning
. In these females, bleeding symptoms can be similar to males with hemophilia.
