In the mid-1800s, an anesthesiologist named John Snow was conducting a series of investigations in London that warrant his being considered the “father of field epidemiology.” Twenty years before the development of the microscope, Snow
conducted studies of cholera outbreaks both to discover the cause of disease and to
…
How is John Snow’s work relevant to environmental health?
Snow’s findings inspired the adoption of anaesthesia as well as fundamental changes in the water and waste systems of London, which led to similar changes in other cities, and a significant improvement in general public health around the world.
How did John Snow solve the cholera epidemic?
Snow concluded that
access to uncontaminated water
prevented them from cholera infection, while users of the Broad Street pump became infected. He persuaded the doubtful civic authorities to remove the handle from the Broad Street pump, and the already subsiding epidemic disappeared within a few days.
Why is John Snow important to medicine?
Snow was
one of the first to learn how to calculate the proper doses of chloroform and ether
; he also designed devices and masks to apply them safely to patients and wrote a medical guide for their use.
How did Edwin Chadwick improve public health?
Chadwick concluded that three main things were needed to improve health:
refuse removal
. an effective sewage system and clean running water in every house. a qualified medical officer appointed in each area.
Which disease is known as father of public health?
Cholera is an infectious disease that became a major threat to health during the 1800s.
Why do you think John Snow’s findings were so important to the public and the science of community health?
Snow also investigated groups of people who did not get cholera and tracked down whether they drank pump water. That information was important because
it helped Snow rule out other possible sources of the epidemic besides pump water
.
What important epidemiological data did John Snow contribute?
He is most often credited with
solving an outbreak of cholera
that occurred in London in 1854 (the outbreak is described below), but his studies of cholera were much more extensive than that. The first cholera epidemic in London struck in 1831, when Snow was still an apprentice.
What did John Snow believe was causing the transmission of disease in London?
In 1854, there was an outbreak of cholera in the Soho section of London. Snow believed that the disease was spread by
water contaminated by sewage
. In those days, people did not have running water in their homes. They carried in water from pumps located around the neighborhood.
How did Henry Whitehead help John Snow?
A former believer in the miasma theory of disease, Whitehead worked to disprove false theories, but eventually came to
prefer John Snow’s idea that cholera spreads through water contaminated by human waste
.
How did cholera affect society?
The social impact of cholera was mainly characterized by financial concerns that were manifested by people reporting
loss of family income and interference with work-related activities
in all three settings, albeit with significantly differing prominences.
What do you know about public health?
Public health is
the science of protecting and improving the health of people and their communities
. This work is achieved by promoting healthy lifestyles, researching disease and injury prevention, and detecting, preventing and responding to infectious diseases.
What are the activities of public health care?
Examples of public health efforts include educating the public about healthier choices, promoting physical activity and fitness, preventing disease outbreaks and the spread of infectious diseases, ensuring safe food and water in communities, preparing for emergency, preventing injury, treating water with fluoride for …
How did Joseph Bazalgette improve public health?
Joseph William Bazalgette made probably the single biggest contribution to the health of Victorian Londoners. It is because of
his work that the Thames is now the cleanest metropolitan river in the world
. And it’s because of him that cholera, along with other diseases such as typhoid, are now part of British history.
How does the government improve public health?
For example,
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) leads efforts to control communicable disease outbreaks and promote mass immunization
. The federal government also assists states with funding (when state resources are not available) and guidance for work such as emergency preparedness.
What did the 1875 Public Health Act do?
The Act
established named local authorities as rural and urban sanitary authorities, replacing local boards of health
. These sanitary authorities would have jurisdiction over the newly created urban and rural sanitary districts.
What did William Farr discover?
Farr developed
a classification of causes of death
, constructed the first English life table, and made major contributions to occupational epidemiology, comparing mortality in specific occupations with that of the general population.
Who founded public health?
1872: The American Public Health Association founded by
Dr. Stephen Smith
, a physician, attorney and commissioner of New York City’s Metropolitan Health Board, puts forth the concept of a national health service. 1893: APHA and the United States focus on the control of tuberculosis.
Why is John Snow recognized as the father of field epidemiology?
“
For his persistent efforts to determine how cholera was spread and for the statistical mapping methods he initiated
, John Snow is widely considered to be the father of [modern] epidemiology.”
What was John Snow’s major contribution to the field of epidemiology quizlet?
Who is the FATHER of FIELD epidemiology? John Snow! Famous for his
study of how cholera was spread in the mid-1800s
. He demonstrated the connection between the water supply and cholera in London.
What was the most important achievement of public health in the 20th century?
According to the CDC, public health has been credited with
adding 25 years to the life expectancy of people living in the U.S.
in the 20
th
century.
