Travel-time curve is a graph showing the relationship between
the distance from the epicenter to the observation point and the travel time
. Travel-time curve is drawn when the vertical axis of the graph is the travel time and the horizontal axis is the epicenter distance of each observation point.
What is a seismic travel time graph used for?
The curves are the result of analyzing seismic waves from thousands of earthquakes, received by hundreds of seismic stations around the world. They are used by seismologists
to quickly locate earthquakes
.
What information does a time travel graph determine quizlet?
What information does a travel-time graph provide? It will tell you
how far away (distance to) the epicenter of an earthquake was
. Briefly describe the triangulation method used to determine the epicenter of an earthquake. Using a Travel-Time graph, you can obtain the distance to an earthquake’s epicenter.
How do you read travel time curves?
What is a travel curve?
A traveltime curve is
a graph of arrival times, commonly P or S waves, recorded at different points as a function of distance from the seismic source
. Seismic velocities within the earth can be computed from the slopes of the resulting curves.
How do seismologists use time travel curves quizlet?
The Travel-time curve shows how much time (vertical axis) it takes the waves to travel the distances (horizontal axis). You can
use the time delay between different waves to locate the distance from the epicenter
.
How do you find travel time for earthquakes?
Which graph shows allows you to find the distance of a seismograph from an earthquake?
A seismogram
is the graph output from a seismograph, which is used to determine the epicenter of an earthquake.
How can you use a graph of earthquake waves travel distance and time to find the epicenter?
- Measure the distance between the first P wave and the first S wave. …
- Find the point for 24 seconds on the left side of the chart of simplified S and P travel time curves and mark that point. …
- Measure the amplitude of the strongest wave.
How are faults, hypocenters, and epicenters related? The hypocenter is the exact point underground along a fault where the slippage of the two blocks of rock occurs. The epicenter is the point on Earth’s surface that is directly above the hypocenter.
How are faults, hypocenters, and epicenters related?
Slippage of rocks that generate earthquakes occur along faults
. The hypocenter is the place slippage occurs between the rocks and the epicenter is the location on Earth’s surface directly above the hypocenter.
What is this tsunami?
Tsunamis are
giant waves caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions under the sea
. Out in the depths of the ocean, tsunami waves do not dramatically increase in height. But as the waves travel inland, they build up to higher and higher heights as the depth of the ocean decreases.
What does epicentral distance mean?
The epicentral distance is defined as
the distance on the ground surface between the site and the earthquake epicenter
.
What is the importance of epicenter?
Answer. The main importance in determining the epicentre is
so that the fault that ruptured causing the earthquake can be identified
. … If the fault is previously unknown (such as the 2010 Canterbury earthquake), then it is important because it means that the hazard models for the area need improvement.
Why do P waves come first?
The direct P wave arrives first
because its path is through the higher speed, dense rocks deeper in the earth
. The PP (one bounce) and PPP (two bounces) waves travel more slowly than the direct P because they pass through shallower, lower velocity rocks. The different S waves arrive after the P waves.
Who used time curve?
| Cover of first edition | Editors Sam Moskowitz and Roger Elwood | Genre Science fiction | Publisher Tower Books | Publication date 1968 |
|---|
What is the place where an earthquake originates?
The location below the earth’s surface where the earthquake starts is called
the hypocenter
, and the location directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter.
What can seismologists do using the worldwide network of seismometers quizlet?
What can seismologists do using the worldwide network of seismometers?
Earthquake magnitude can be measured via: The Richter scale. The Modified Mercalli Intensity scale.
How do we locate an earthquake where it occurred )?
Scientists
use triangulation to find the epicenter of an earthquake
. When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. Every earthquake is recorded on numerous seismographs located in different directions.
How long does it take an S wave to travel 4000 km?
The graph shows that the S-waves need about
12 minutes: 40 seconds
to travel the same distance. Therefore, if the time separation between the arrival time of the P- and S-waves is 5 minutes:40 seconds, the epicenter must be 4000 km away.
How do you calculate SP time?
Look at the horizontal time scale (h:min:s) and estimate the time of arrival for the S wave. Record it, then do the same for the P wave (“Zoom Around P Wave” and estimate its arrival).
Subtract the P wave arrival time from the S wave arrival time to find the S-P lag time
.
How far will ap wave travel in 7 minutes?
What is the total distance that a P-wave will travel in 7 minutes and 20 seconds?
4,200 kilometers
.
How do you find the distance from the earthquake epicenter to SRS?
Measure the difference in arrival times between the first shear (s) wave and the first compressional (p) wave, which can be interpreted from the seismogram.
Multiply the difference by 8.4
to estimate the distance, in kilometers, from the seismograph station to the epicenter.
How long will it take AP wave to travel 8000 km from an earthquake epicenter?
Explain your answer. P waves travel faster than S waves. 8000 km away? Approximately
11 minutes and 20 seconds
.
How long does it take AP wave to travel 5000km?
How long does it take an S-Wave to travel 5,000km? Go to the chart! Go to the chart! The recording station tells us it took
6 minutes and 20 seconds
for the P-Wave to reach them.
