(Explicit memories are also called declarative memories.) We encode explicit memories
through conscious, effortful processing
. The Atkinson-Shiffrin model helps us understand how this memory track operates.
Effortful processing begins with
sensory memory
. Information first enters the memory system through the senses. Iconic memory is a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli, a pho- tographic or picture-image memory lasting for a few tenths of a second. Echoic memory is a momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli.
How are explicit memories produced and processed?
Explicit memories are
formed via a process of encoding and retrieval
. … Memories are “formed” in the hippocampus, located in the brain’s temporal lobe. The hippocampus creates links between neurons, tying all the various information in the memory together (the music, the smells, the colors, etc.).
What is responsible for processing explicit memories?
There are three areas of the brain involved in explicit memory:
the hippocampus
, the neo-cortex and the amygdala.
What does effortful processing produce?
Effortful processing strategy:
A way to encode information into memory to keep it from decaying and make it easier to retrieve
. Effortful processing is also known as. Chunking.
What are the two types of explicit memories?
Explicit memory can be further divided into two different types:
semantic and episodic memory
.
What are some examples of explicit memories?
Some tasks that require the use of explicit memory include
remembering what you learned in your psychology class
, recalling your phone number, identifying who the current president is, writing a research paper, and remembering what time you’re meeting a friend to go to a movie.
Are flashbulb memories accurate?
A flashbulb memory is
an accurate and exceptionally vivid long-lasting
memory for the circumstances surrounding learning about a dramatic event. Flashbulb Memories are memories that are affected by our emotional state.
Which part of my brain is probably damaged if I am unable to recognize basic objects around my house?
The part of the brain that is affected when one is unable recognize basic objects around the house is
Hippocampus
. The Hippocampus is part of the limbic system in the brain responsible for emotions and memory, specifically long-term memory.
What part of your brain controls thinking?
The largest part of the brain, the
cerebrum
initiates and coordinates movement and regulates temperature. Other areas of the cerebrum enable speech, judgment, thinking and reasoning, problem-solving, emotions and learning. Other functions relate to vision, hearing, touch and other senses.
What is an example of automatic processing?
Any information processing that occurs involuntarily and without conscious intention or control, as in the performance of well-practised activities such as seeing, reading,
riding a bicycle
, playing a game, or driving a car.
What is an example of effortful processing?
Examples include
reading something and understanding it OR knowing your class schedule for the day
. Effortful processing requires attention and awareness like when we study in class or memorize a poem.
What are the 3 types of encoding?
There are many types of memory encoding, but the three main types are
visual, acoustic, and semantic encoding
. We will discuss all the types of encoding one by one.
How do you test for explicit memory?
Explicit memory is traditionally measured using
tests of recall and recognition
, in which participants consciously refer back to the original learning or encoding of the material to complete the test.
What is short term memory called?
Short-term memory, also known as
primary or active memory
, is the capacity to store a small amount of information in the mind and keep it readily available for a short period of time. Short-term memory is very brief.
How can I increase my explicit memory?
- Get plenty of sleep. Sleep is important for consolidating your memories so you can recall them later. …
- Avoid multitasking. …
- Stay active. …
- Give your brain a workout, too. …
- Maintain a healthy diet. …
- Keep yourself organized.
