a. Anecdotal claims involve a single variable; frequency claims involve two variables. …
Anecdotal claims are not based on scientific studies
but frequency claims are. RESEARCH STUDY 3.2: Dr.
Which of the following is an example of applied research in psychology?
A few examples of applied research in psychology include:
Analyzing what type of prompts will inspire people to volunteer their time to charities
.
Investigating if background music in a work environment can contribute to greater productivity
.
Which type of claim is Dr LaSalle making?
Dr. Ramon makes the following claim: “Watching television leads people to spend less time communicating with their spouses, study says.” Dr. LaSalle makes the claim: “
Research shows that making more money correlates with spending less time talking with your spouse
.”
Why do studies that use probability samples have excellent external validity?
Why do studies that use probability samples have excellent external validity?
All members of the population are equally likely to be represented in the sample.
What are the two main reasons to conduct a factorial study?
What are two reasons to conduct a factorial study? –
They test whether an IV effects different kinds of people, or people in different situations in the same way
. -Does the effect of the original independent variable depend on the level of another independent variable?
How do you know if a study is internally valid?
- Your treatment and response variables change together.
- Your treatment precedes changes in your response variables.
- No confounding or extraneous factors can explain the results of your study.
What is action research example?
An example of action research for a school could be
to examine their state test scores to identify areas that need improvement
, and then determine a plan of action to improve student performance.
What type of research is cause and effect?
1. Causal or
Experimental Research
. When most people think of scientific experimentation, research on cause and effect is most often brought to mind. Experiments on causal relationships investigate the effect of one or more variables on one or more outcome variables.
What are two types of applied research?
Types of Applied Research
These are
evaluation research, research and development, and action research
.
What is a disadvantage of non-probability sampling?
One major disadvantage of non-probability sampling is
that it’s impossible to know how well you are representing the population
. Plus, you can’t calculate confidence intervals and margins of error. This is the major reason why, if at all possible, you should consider probability sampling methods first.
What are the advantages of probability sampling to the validity of research?
With probability samples you can
make valid generalization to the population from which the samples are drawn
. Probability samples are usually more representative (i.e. they have higher external validity) than non-probability samples because there is less bias.
What is the main difference between probability and non-probability sampling?
In probability sampling, the sampler chooses the representative to be part of the sample randomly, whereas, in non-probability sampling,
the subject is chosen arbitrarily, to belong to the sample by the researcher
. The chances of selection in probability sampling, are fixed and known.
What are the 3 types of variables?
These changing quantities are called variables. A variable is any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types. An experiment usually has three kinds of variables:
independent, dependent, and controlled
.
Can you have 2 independent variables?
There are often not more than one or two independent variables tested in an experiment
, otherwise it is difficult to determine the influence of each upon the final results. There may be several dependent variables, because manipulating the independent variable can influence many different things.
What is a 2 by 2 factorial design?
The 2 x 2 factorial design
calls for randomizing each participant to treatment A or B to address one question and further assignment at random within each group to treatment C or D to examine a second issue
, permitting the simultaneous test of two different hypotheses.
What improves internal validity?
Controls are required to assure internal validity (causality) of research designs, and can be accomplished in four ways: (1) manipulation, (2)
elimination
, (3) inclusion, and (4) statistical control, and (5) randomization.
