Do Concepts Prevent Us From Generalizing?

Do concepts prevent us from generalizing? Which of the following best describes the difference between the classical model of concepts and the prototype model?

The classical model uses defining properties and the prototype model uses characteristics

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Is a strategy that guarantees a solution to a problem?

An algorithm

is a strategy that guarantees that eventually one will arrive at a solution if the strategy is correctly applied.

What is the primary disadvantage of using algorithms?

What involves reasoning from a general case that we know to be true to a specific instance?

Inductive reasoning

begins with observations that are specific and limited in scope, and proceeds to a generalized conclusion that is likely, but not certain, in light of accumulated evidence.

What are concepts in theory?

Concepts are

the building blocks of theories—the things being studied, compared, and related to one another

. A concept is an abstraction that describes a portion of reality. It is a general name for specific instances of the phenomenon described.

How are concept and theory different from one another?

Although some people tend to use these two words interchangeably, there is a difference between concept and theory.

A theory is a scientifically credible general principle that explains a phenomenon. A concept is a general idea or understanding about something

. This is the key difference between concept and theory.

What are the general problem-solving strategies?

• Become aware of the problem.
• Define the problem.
• Choose the particular problem to be solved.
• Identify potential solutions.
• Evaluate the valid potential solutions to select the best one.
• Develop an action plan to implement the best solution.

What are the barriers to problem-solving?

• Confirmation bias.
• Mental set.
• Functional fixedness.
• Unnecessary constraints.
• Irrelevant information.

How do smart thinkers use intuition?

9-4: How do smart thinkers use intuition? Smart thinkers welcome their intuitions (which are usually adaptive), but

when making complex decisions they gather as much information as possible and then take time to let their two-track mind process all available information

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What are the limitations of algorithms?

There are two categories of problems that an algorithm cannot solve.

Undecidable Problems

. These problems are the theoretically impossible to solve — by any algorithm. The halting problem is a decision problem (with a yes or no answer) that is undecidable.

What is advantage and disadvantage of algorithm?

Do you think it is possible to have different algorithms when solving a problem why or why not?

Remember,

there is no one right answer

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In addition, there is almost always more than one way to solve a problem. They might differ in their complexity, time required, and other aspects, which are important differences to consider, but they can all be valid algorithms for the problem.

When a generalization is made based on observed facts it is known as?

Inductive reasoning

is a process by which a person makes a generalization based on specific, individual experiences. The process begins with observation. A person collects data through the five senses, then analyzes the gathered information to draw a general conclusion that may be applied to other situations.

Is generalizing from cases we have seen to infer information about cases we have not seen?

Induction

is generalizing from cases we have seen to infer information about cases we have not seen.

What kind of logical reasoning starts from general to specific?

What is

inductive reasoning

. While deductive reasoning begins with a premise that is proven through observations, inductive reasoning extracts a likely (but not certain) premise from specific and limited observations.

Why is concept important?

Concepts are the building blocks of thoughts. Consequently, they are

crucial to such psychological processes as categorization, inference, memory, learning, and decision-making

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Does concept mean idea?

An idea is a rough mental impression. It could be a thought, suggestion, opinion, belief or intention.

Concept stands for an understanding drawn from a particular fact or logic

. A concept could also be an established procedure.

How do you explain a concept?

What are examples of concepts?

Concepts are based on our experiences. Concepts can be based on real phenomena and are a generalized idea of something of meaning. Examples of concepts include common demographic measures:

Income, Age, Eduction Level, Number of SIblings

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Are concepts the same as principles?

While concepts provide the label for a class or category, principles provide abstract statements or characteristics

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What is concept and how does it relate to theory?

Theory explains how some aspect of human behavior or performance is organized. It thus enables us to make predictions about that behavior. The components of theory are concepts (ideally well defined) and principles.

A concept is a symbolic representation of an actual thing – tree, chair, table, computer, distance, etc.

What are the 4 common barriers to problem-solving?

Some barriers do not prevent us from finding a solution, but do prevent us from finding the most efficient solution. Four of the most common processes and factors are

mental set, functional fixedness, unnecessary constraints and irrelevant information

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What are the factors affecting problem-solving?

• Identification of the Problem.
• Personality Types.
• Temperament.
• Thinking Patterns.
• Skills and Technical Competency.
• Hierarchies.
• External Environment.

What is a general problem in research?

Definition. A research problem is a statement about an area of concern, a condition to be improved, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a troubling question that exists in scholarly literature, in theory, or in practice that points to the need for meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation.

Which of the following is not a barrier to problem-solving?

Insight

is not an obstacle in problem-solving as insight : is the solution to a problem arrives ‘all of a sudden’ flash of insight when a person is struggling.

Why do people fail to solve problems effectively?

Inability to combine analytical and creative thinking

. Inability to use the problem solving techniques effectively. Using a problem solving method inappropriate to the particular problem. Lack of knowledge of the techniques and processes involved in problem solving.

Which one of the following sometimes hinders the problem-solving?

The correct answer is

Mental set

. Problem-solving can have one step as well as multiple steps. The end goal is to solve a problem by overcoming every barrier on the way.

What purpose do concepts serve in psychology?

What are the functions of concepts?

Is intuition a form of intelligence?

In his article, Kasanoff suggests that

intuition is indeed the highest form of intelligence

, “especially when we are talking about people who are already intellectually curious, rigorous in their pursuit of knowledge, and willing to challenge their own assumptions.” Voila!

Are humans algorithms?

How algorithms control your life?

Algorithms are behind many mundane, but still consequential, decisions in your life. The code often replaces humans, but that doesn’t mean the results are foolproof. An algorithm can be just as flawed as their human creators. These are just some of the ways

hidden calculations determine what you do and experience

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What are unreasonable time algorithms?

An unreasonable time algorithm is

a problem that would take a massive amount of computing power to solve

. The amount of time it would take to calculate a solution would be unreasonable, hence the name.

Why do we need an algorithm?

Algorithms play a crucial role in computer science. The best algorithm

ensures that the computer completes the task in the most efficient manner

. When it comes to efficiency, a good algorithm is really essential. An algorithm is extremely important for optimizing a computer program.

What is the benefit of learning algorithms?

Practicing algorithms will

help you start to recognize common questions and patterns, as well as make you very familiar with algorithmic problem solving

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