The energy required for translation of
proteins is significant
. For a protein containing n amino acids, the number of high-energy phosphate bonds required to translate it is 4n-1. … The correct amino acid is covalently bonded to the correct transfer RNA (tRNA) by amino acyl transferases.
Why is energy needed in translation?
Amino acids, all 20 – 22 of which must be present at the same time. Small highly specific RNA molecules called transfer (tRNA) to which amino acids are covalently bound and which play a part in the decoding of the genetic code.
ATP is required as a source of energy
for this highly non spontaneous process.
Which steps in translation require energy?
What steps of translation require energy to occur?
Charging a tRNA with its appropriate amino acid
, initiation, codon recognition, transloaction of the tRNA in the A site to the P site, and disassembly of the ribosome require energy.
What are the 4 steps of translation?
Translation happens in four stages:
activation (make ready), initiation (start), elongation (make longer) and termination (stop)
. These terms describe the growth of the amino acid chain (polypeptide). Amino acids are brought to ribosomes and assembled into proteins.
What 3 processes are required for translation?
Translation of an mRNA molecule by the ribosome occurs in three stages:
initiation, elongation, and termination
.
What is the correct order of the stages of translation?
The correct order of stages of translation is
initiation, elongation and termination
.
Does termination of translation require energy?
Termination
Translation of an mRNA by a ribosome ends when translocation exposes one of the three stop codons in the A site of the ribosome. … This interaction causes release of the new polypeptide and the disassembly of the ribosomal subunits from the mRNA. The
process requires energy from yet another GTP hydrolysis
.
Which process in translation does not require energy?
A
peptide bond
is formed between COOH group of the t-RNA at P-site and NH, group of aminoacyl t-RNA. This is facilitated by the enzyme peptidyl transferase and does not require high energy phosphate bonds.
What would prevent the start of translation?
Different
antibiotics
work in different ways, but some attack a very basic process in bacterial cells: they knock out the ability to make new proteins. To use a little molecular biology vocab, these antibiotics block translation.
What are required for translation?
The key components required for translation are
mRNA, ribosomes, and transfer RNA (tRNA)
. During translation, mRNA nucleotide bases are read as codons of three bases. Each codon codes for a particular amino acid.
What is the first step of translation?
Translation is generally divided into three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination (Figure 7.8). In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes the first step of the initiation stage is
the binding of a specific initiator methionyl tRNA and the mRNA to the small ribosomal subunit
.
What are the main steps involved in translation?
Translation of an mRNA molecule occurs in three stages:
initiation, elongation, and termination
.
What is translation process?
Translation is the
process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis
. The genetic code describes the relationship between the sequence of base pairs in a gene and the corresponding amino acid sequence that it encodes.
What are the steps of translation in prokaryotes?
- Activation of aminoacids: The activation of aminoacids take place in cytosol. The activation of aminoacids is catalyzed by their aminoacyl tRNA synthetases. …
- Initiation:
- Elongation: i. …
- Termination: The peptide bond formation and elongation of polypeptide continues until stop codon appear on A-site.
What is the third step in the translation process?
- The third step of translation is when the ribosome runs into a stop codon.
- A stop codon is either UAA, UAG or UGA.
Does translation require rRNA?
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) associates with a set of proteins to form ribosomes. … Translation is the whole process by which the base sequence of an mRNA is used to order and to join the amino acids in a protein.
