The Cutter vaccine had been used in vaccinating 200,000 children in the western and midwestern United States. Later investigations showed that the Cutter vaccine had
caused 40,000 cases of polio
, killing 10.
What was the problem with the oral vaccine for polio?
A major concern about OPV is
its ability to revert to a form that can cause paralysis
. Outbreaks of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) have been reported in many countries of the world [2, 4].
What was the major issue with vaccines provided by Cutter Laboratories in the 1955 Cutter incident?
Over 250 cases
of polio
were attributed to vaccines produced by one company: Cutter Laboratories. This case, which came to be known as the Cutter Incident, resulted in many cases of paralysis. The vaccine was recalled as soon as cases of polio were detected.
What did the Cutter incident lead the US government do?
On April 12, 1955,
the U.S. government licensed polio vaccine production to five companies
, including Cutter Laboratories. If there was ever a case of pondering “minimum requirements” at high speed—especially those guiding a critical verification procedure—it was this step that led to the Cutter Incident.
Where did polio originally come from?
The source of reinfection was wild poliovirus originating from
Nigeria
. A subsequent intense vaccination campaign in Africa, however, led to an apparent elimination of the disease from the region; no cases had been detected for more than a year in 2014–15.
Can you still get polio if you’ve been vaccinated?
Do people still get polio in the United States?
No
, thanks to a successful vaccination program, the United States has been polio-free for more than 30 years, but the disease still occurs in other parts of the world.
Why did polio vaccine leave a scar?
Why did scarring occur? Scars like the smallpox vaccine scar form
due to the body’s natural healing process
. When the skin is injured (like it is with the smallpox vaccine), the body rapidly responds to repair the tissue.
What were the long term effects of polio vaccine?
Their analysis show that exposure to the vaccine against polio
doesn’t seem to have any long-term effect
on adult income, educational achievement, or health, and the authors attribute this lack of effect to the apparent non-scarring nature of exposure to polio epidemics.
What are the consequences of polio?
Paralysis is the most severe symptom associated with polio, because it can lead
to permanent disability and death
. Between 2 and 10 out of 100 people who have paralysis from poliovirus infection die, because the virus affects the muscles that help them breathe.
What caused polio?
Polio is caused by
1 of 3 types of the poliovirus
. It often spreads due to contact with infected feces. This often happens from poor handwashing. It can also happen from eating or drinking contaminated food or water.
What is abortive polio?
Polio, abortive:
A minor form of infection with poliovirus
that accounts for 80 to 90 percent of clinically apparent cases of polio in the US, chiefly in young children. The usual symptoms’slight fever, malaise, headache, sore throat, and vomiting’emerge 3 to 5 days after exposure to the virus.
When did they stop giving polio vaccine in us?
OPV was recommended for use in the United States for almost 40 years, from 1963 until
2000
. The results have been miraculous: Polio was eliminated from the United States in 1979 and from the Western Hemisphere in 1991. Since 2000, only IPV is recommended to prevent polio in the United States.
When did the polio disease start?
1894
, first outbreak of polio in epidemic form in the U.S. occurs in Vermont, with 132 cases. 1908, Karl Landsteiner and Erwin Popper identify a virus as the cause of polio by transmitting the disease to a monkey. 1916, large epidemic of polio within the United States.
When did polio start in the world?
Major polio epidemics were unknown before the 20th century; localized paralytic polio epidemics began to appear in Europe and the United States
around 1900
. The first report of multiple polio cases was published in 1843 and described an 1841 outbreak in Louisiana.
What is the life expectancy of someone with polio?
Between 5% and 10% of people who develop paralytic polio will die
. Physical symptoms may emerge 15 years or more after the first polio infection.
Can poliomyelitis be cured?
Failure to eradicate polio could result in as many as 200 000 new cases every year, within 10 years, all over the world.
There is no cure for polio, it can only be prevented
. Polio vaccine, given multiple times, can protect a child for life.
