Disaster surveillance
allows us to identify risk factors, track disease trends, determine action items, and target interventions
. It allows us to assess the human health impacts of a disaster and evaluate potential problems related to planning and prevention.
What is the purpose of public health surveillance?
Public health surveillance
provides and interprets data to facilitate the prevention and control of disease
. To achieve this purpose, surveillance for a disease or other health problem should have clear objectives.
What are the five ways that surveillance is used to monitor outbreaks?
- Sentinel Surveillance. …
- Periodic Population-based Surveys. …
- Laboratory-based Surveillance. …
- Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response. …
- Example: The Philippine National Epidemic Surveillance System. …
- Informal Networks as Critical Elements of Surveillance Systems.
What are the global benefits of a disease outbreak monitoring system?
Benefits from surveillance and response to epidemic-prone infectious disease include
health benefits from limiting cases, deaths and disabilities, as well as economic, social and psychological benefits which result from averting outbreaks or controlling them at an early stage
.
What is the importance of conducting surveillance?
Surveillance systems
generate data that help public health officials understand existing and emerging infectious and non-infectious diseases
. Without a proper understanding of the health problem (etiology, distribution, and mechanism of infection), it will be difficult to ameliorate the health issue.
Why should you conduct surveillance during a disaster?
Why conduct public health surveillance during disaster response? Public health morbidity surveillance
allows us to detect disease outbreaks and track disease trends
. A common myth is that epidemics are inevitable during a disaster. Early detection and response, however, can lessen the likelihood for outbreaks.
What is the 5 step process for surveillance?
Steps in establishing and maintaining surveillance system
Establish Goals Develop Case definitions Select appropriate personnel Acquire tools and clearances for collection , analysis and dissemination Implement surveillance system Evaluate surveillance activities
6.
How do you evaluate surveillance system in public health?
The evaluation of public health surveillance systems should involve
an assessment of system attributes, including simplicity, flexibility, data quality, acceptability, sensitivity, predictive value positive, representativeness, timeliness, and stability
.
What are the methods of surveillance?
This can include
observation from a distance by means of electronic equipment, such as closed-circuit television (CCTV), or interception of electronically transmitted information like Internet traffic
. It can also include simple technical methods, such as human intelligence gathering and postal interception.
What is global health surveillance?
Global public health surveillance is
critical for the identification and prevention of emerging and reemerging diseases, both for infectious and noncommunicable diseases that account for the greatest burden of diseases, even in very poor countries
.
What are the benefits of health surveillance?
Health surveillance is important for:
detecting ill-health effects at an early stage, so employers can introduce better controls to prevent them getting worse
. providing data to help employers evaluate health risks. enabling employees to raise concerns about how work affects their health.
How do information sharing and public health surveillance improve public health?
Sharing public health surveillance data between countries
improves capacity for disease detection and response
(19) and can help identify an outbreak source when national-level data cannot (20). This sharing can also reduce the potential or actual impact of a global health crisis.
What is health surveillance?
Health surveillance is
a system of ongoing health checks
. These health checks may be required by law for employees who are exposed to noise or vibration, ionising radiation, solvents, fumes, dusts, biological agents and other substances hazardous to health, or work in compressed air.
What are the steps in planning a surveillance system?
- Establish objectives.
- Develop case definitions.
- Determine data sources data-collection mechanism (type of system)
- Determine data-collection instruments.
- Field-test methods.
- Develop and test analytic approach.
- Develop dissemination mechanism.
- Assure use of analysis and interpretation.
What is the role of surveillance in the prevention and control of disaster?
Disaster surveillance
allows us to identify risk factors, track disease trends, determine action items, and target interventions
. It allows us to assess the human health impacts of a disaster and evaluate potential problems related to planning and prevention.
How do you set up a public health surveillance system?
- Establish objectives.
- Develop case definitions.
- Determine data sources data-collection mechanism (type of system)
- Determine data-collection instruments.
- Field-test methods.
- Develop and test analytic approach.
- Develop dissemination mechanism.
How does disaster epidemiology inform the practice of healthcare?
prevent or reduce the number of deaths, illnesses, and injuries caused by disasters,
provide timely and accurate health information for decision-makers, improve prevention and mitigation strategies for future disasters by collecting information for future response preparation
.
What are the essential activities of surveillance?
Each of these sectors contributes to the four basic components of surveillance, which are
(1) collection, (2) analysis, (3) dissemination, and (4) response
. Collection and analysis can be conducted at the local, state, federal, or international level by public agencies as well as by private industry.
What are the uses of surveillance?
Surveillance data can be used to estimate the magnitude of specific problems, determine the distribution of illness, portray the natural history of a disease, generate hypotheses, stimulate research, evaluate control measures, monitor changes, and facilitate planning.
What is process of surveillance?
Process surveillance,
the consistent and quanti- tative monitoring of practices that directly or indirectly contribute to a health outcome and the use of those data to improve outcomes
, has begun to emerge as a valid and important measurement tool for health care organizations.
How do you evaluate a surveillance system?
- Simplicity.
- Flexibility.
- Acceptability.
- Sensitivity.
- Predictive value positive.
- Representativeness.
- Timeliness.
