Edward Jenner, FRS FRCPE (17 May 1749 – 26 January 1823) was an English physician and scientist who pioneered the concept of vaccines including
creating the smallpox vaccine
How did Edward Jenner make his discovery?
On May 14, 1796, Jenner
took fluid from a cowpox
What medical discovery did Edward Jenner make?
Jenner, a country physician, invented
vaccination with cowpox
to replace the fearful dangers of inoculation with smallpox. This development resulted in immunity to smallpox and ushered in the era of preventive measures for contagious diseases (World Health News. May 1980).
What is the contribution of Edward Jenner in microbiology?
In 1796
an English surgeon, Edward Jenner, developed the concept of vaccination by immunizing an eight-year-old boy against smallpox using cowpox fluid. He later injected smallpox virus repeatedly into the boy, proving that he was indeed immune.
What did Edward Jenner call his discovery?
Edward Jenner, (born May 17, 1749, Berkeley, Gloucestershire, England—died January 26, 1823, Berkeley), English surgeon and discoverer of
vaccination for smallpox
.
Who is called the father of immunology?
Louis Pasteur
is traditionally considered as the progenitor of modern immunology because of his studies in the late nineteenth century that popularized the germ theory of disease, and that introduced the hope that all infectious diseases could be prevented by prophylactic vaccination, as well as also treated by …
What was the first vaccine ever?
Edward Jenner is considered the founder of vaccinology in the West in 1796, after he inoculated a 13 year-old-boy with vaccinia virus (cowpox
What is cow pox?
Cowpox is
a skin disease caused by a virus belonging to the Orthopoxvirus genus
. Sporadic human cases of cowpox have been reported in Europe, mostly linked to handling of infected animal, usually rodents and cats. Human infection results from direct contact with an infected animal.
How many lives did Edward Jenner save?
5, Englishman Edward Jenner (1749-1823), whose discovery of the smallpox vaccine
What other diseases can be prevented with vaccines?
- diphtheria.
- tetanus.
- pertussis (whooping cough)
- poliomyelitis (polio)
- measles.
- mumps.
- rubella.
- haemophilus influenzae type b infections.
Where did smallpox come from?
Smallpox is thought to have originated in
India or Egypt
at least 3,000 years ago. The earliest evidence for the disease comes from the Egyptian Pharaoh Ramses V, who died in 1157 B.C. His mummified remains show telltale pockmarks on his skin.
Did Edward Jenner get smallpox?
In 1757, an 8-year-old boy was
inoculated with smallpox
in Gloucester (4); he was one of thousands of children inoculated that year in England. The procedure was effective, as the boy developed a mild case of smallpox and was subsequently immune to the disease. His name was Edward Jenner.
Did smallpox come from animals?
Virologists have speculated that it
evolved from an African rodent poxvirus 10 millennia ago
. Because of the absence of an animal vector, communities had to reach a critical population (estimated at 200,000 around 3000 BCE) before endemic smallpox could be established.
Who is first used in immunity and where?
Around the 15th century in India, the
Ottoman Empire
, and east Africa, the practice of inoculation (poking the skin with powdered material derived from smallpox crusts) was quite common. This practice was first introduced into the west in 1721 by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu
Who founded the immune system?
Immunology started in the last quarter of the nineteenth century with two major discoveries. The first of these was
Elias Metchnikff’s
(1845–1916) identification of phagocytic cells, which engulf and destroy invading pathogens (1). This laid the basis for innate immunity.
