The Hohokam supplemented their primarily
plant-food diet with meat
. They had no domestic animals except the dog, so most meat was obtained by hunting. Deer and rabbit were the most important meat sources, but the Indians also killed and ate mountain sheep, antelope, and rodents, including mice and ground squirrels.
How did the Hohokam provide food in the desert?
Corn
was the main food of the Hohokam. Corn was dried and ground between stones called a mano and metate to make corn meal. Beans and squash were also grown and could be eaten fresh or dried in the sun and stored for winter.
How did the Hohokam grow their crops?
The Hohokam grew their crops with
the use of irrigation canals
. They dug miles of canals in both the Salt and Gila River valleys using only stone tools, digging sticks, and baskets. With water from the rivers, they were able to grow corn, beans, squash, and cotton in the desert.
What did Hohokam tribe eat?
Corn
was the main food of the Hohokam. Corn was dried and ground between stones called a mano and metate to make corn meal. Beans and squash were also grown and could be eaten fresh or dried in the sun and stored for winter.
What did the Hohokam people do to get water to their crops?
To provide water to their crops, these early farmers began
to construct well-engineered networks of irrigation canals across the Valley
. Unprecedented in size, Hohokam canals often extended to 16 miles or more in length. … The canals were engineered to keep water flowing through the canals at a constant rate.
What crops did Hohokam grow?
Near their villages, on floodplains or alluvial slopes, the Hohokam established fields of
corn, beans, squash, and cotton
. They used every possible space to grow crops, even building small terraces and check dams on hill slopes to collect and divert rainfall runoff toward their fields.
Why was farming difficult for the Hohokam?
The sudden disappearance of the Hohokam between 1400 and 1450 CE is a puzzle. Archaeologists speculate that
maintenance of the canals was difficult
and sediment accumulated over the centuries. Farmers were forced to abandon old canals and move further from the river, increasing the technological challenge to farming.
Why did Hohokam disappear?
The Hohokam people abandoned most of their settlements during the period between 1350 and 1450. It is thought that
the Great Drought (1276–99)
, combined with a subsequent period of sparse and unpredictable rainfall that persisted until approximately 1450, contributed to this process.
What language did the Hohokam speak?
Pima, North American Indians who traditionally lived along the Gila and Salt rivers in Arizona, U.S., in what was the core area of the prehistoric Hohokam culture. The Pima, who speak
a Uto-Aztecan language
and call themselves the “River People,” are usually considered to be the descendants of the Hohokam.
What was the Hohokam food source?
Corn
was the main food of the Hohokam. Corn was dried and ground between stones called a mano and metate to make corn meal. Beans and squash were also grown and could be eaten fresh or dried in the sun and stored for winter.
What is the Hohokam tribe known for?
The Hohokam are probably most famous for their creation of
extensive irrigation canals along the Salt and Gila rivers
. In fact, the Hohokam had the largest and most complex irrigation systems of any culture in the New World north of Peru.
Where did Hohokam go?
The Hohokam peoples occupied a wide area of south-central Arizona from roughly
Flagstaff south to the Mexican border
. They are thought to have originally migrated north out of Mexico around 300 BC to become the most skillful irrigation farmers the Southwest ever knew.
What destroyed the Hohokam society?
A persistent drought, lasting from about 1130-1180 CE, decimated Anasazis’ crops, while
a major flood in 1358
destroyed the Hohokam irrigation system. These disasters led the Ancestral Pueblos to hold spiritual ceremonies, praying to their gods for a bountiful harvest and good weather.
How did the Hohokam get water to their corn?
For their time, the Hohokam were the only culture in North America that relied on
irrigation canals
to water their crops. … In order to meet their needs, they created highly sophisticated and large irrigation systems. These canals were laid out over the landscape on a downhill drop of 1 to 2 feet per mile.
What did the Hohokam wear?
The Hohokam Indians made simple clothing from animal skins and plant fibers. Villagers wore
breechcloths and aprons
. In winter, they wore buckskin shirts, cloth ponchos, and blankets. For foot protection, sandals were worn.
Where is Anasazi?
The Ancestral Puebloans, also known as the Anasazi, were an ancient Native American culture that spanned the present-day Four Corners region of the United States, comprising
southeastern Utah, northeastern Arizona, northwestern New Mexico, and southwestern Colorado
.
