As electrons are passed through the chain by
a series of oxidation-reduction reactions
, energy is released, creating a gradient of hydrogen ions, or protons, across the membrane. … Electrons move through the electron transport chain from a higher to lower energy state.
How many steps are in the electron transport chain?
Steps of the ETC
There are
four major
complexes in the chain. The electrons are passed through Complex I and II first. As this happens, protons are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane and into the intermembrane space. A carrier called Ubiquinone Q picks up the electrons and takes them to Complex III.
What delivers the electron to the electron transport chain?
Complex I establishes the hydrogen ion gradient by pumping four hydrogen ions across the membrane from the matrix into the intermembrane space. Complex II receives
FADH
2
, which bypasses complex I, and delivers electrons directly to the electron transport chain.
What is the main function of the electron transport chain?
The electron transport chain is primarily used
to send protons across the membrane into the intermembrane space
. This create a proton-motive force, which will drive ATP synthase in the final step of cellular respiration to create ATP from ADP and a phosphate group.
How does the electron transport system work?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from one molecule to another, and energy released in these electron transfers is
used to form an electrochemical gradient
. … Oxygen sits at the end of the electron transport chain, where it accepts electrons and picks up protons to form water.
Does the electron transport require oxygen?
Explanation:
Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain
, which allows for oxidative phosphorylation. Without oxygen, the electrons will be backed up, eventually causing the electron transport chain to halt.
How is 34 ATP produced in the electron transport chain?
The Krebs cycle produces the CO
2
that you breath out. This stage produces most of the energy ( 34 ATP molecules, compared to only 2 ATP for glycolysis and 2 ATP for Krebs cycle). The electron transport chain takes place in the mitochondria. This stage converts the NADH into ATP.
What does the electron transport chain produce?
The electron transport chain is a series of four protein complexes that couple redox reactions, creating an electrochemical gradient that leads to the creation of
ATP
in a complete system named oxidative phosphorylation. It occurs in mitochondria in both cellular respiration and photosynthesis.
What is the electron transport chain and why is it important?
The ETC is the most important stage of cellular respiration from an energy point of view because
it produces the most ATP
. In a series of redox reactions, energy is liberated and used to attach a third phosphate group to adenosine diphosphate to create ATP with three phosphate groups.
What is the electron transport chain in simple terms?
The electron transport chain is
a cluster of proteins that transfer electrons through a membrane within mitochondria
to form a gradient of protons that drives the creation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
What is the electron transport chain also known as?
The respiratory chain
, otherwise known as the electron transport chain, resides in the mitochondria. … The chain consists of a series of electron carriers which can accept and then donate electrons, while the resulting production of energy is used to stimulate the formation of ATP via oxidative phosphorylation.
What happens during the electron transport stage?
Electron transport is the final stage of aerobic respiration. In this stage,
energy from NADH and FADH
2
is transferred to ATP
. During electron transport, energy is used to pump hydrogen ions across the mitochondrial inner membrane, from the matrix into the intermembrane space.
What is the final product of electron transport chain?
The end products of the electron transport chain are
water and ATP
. A number of intermediate compounds of the citric acid cycle can be diverted into the anabolism of other biochemical molecules, such as nonessential amino acids, sugars, and lipids.
What is the final product of the electron transport chain quizlet?
H2O (water)
is formed as a final product of the electron transport chain.
Where is the electron transport chain located in prokaryotes?
They are arranged in four complexes. In eukaryotes, the electron transport chain is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In prokaryotes, it is located
within the plasma membrane
. Electrons move through the electron transport chain from a higher to lower energy state.
How many cytochromes are in the electron transport chain?
There are
five different cytochromes
in the respiratory chain. Because the hemes in different cytochromes have slightly different structures and (more…) Iron-sulfur proteins are a second major family of electron carriers.
