It is how you give credit to the author for their creative and intellectual works that you referenced as support for your research. Generally, citations should include
author's name, date, publisher information, journal information and/
or DOI (Digital Object Identifier).
The literature should be cited within the text of your paper and in a literature cited section at the end of the paper. You should NOT cite a paper by including the title of the article within the text of your paper. You can cite within the
text using the citation-sequence system or the citation-name system
.
The
source of the information or ideas must be credited directly in the text
and this is known as citing literature. Usually, the sources you cite will be your primary articles, popular article, books or texts. However, you should also cite any personal communications with researchers or instructors.
How do you cite a literature review in APA?
Organizing Your Literature Review
This means you cite the
author's name and year of publication within the text with an in-text citation
. You also include the page number, if appropriate. You then include the full information of that source in a reference list at the end of your paper.
It's important to cite sources you used in your research for several reasons:
To show your reader you've done proper research by listing sources
you used to get your information. To be a responsible scholar by giving credit to other researchers and acknowledging their ideas.
Citing or documenting the sources used in your research serves three purposes:
It gives proper credit to the authors of the words or ideas that you incorporated into your paper
. It allows those who are reading your work to locate your sources, in order to learn more about the ideas that you include in your paper.
Book with
Three to Five Authors or Editors
NOTE: The in-text citation for works with three or more authors is shortened to the first author's name followed by et al. and the year.
- If name of author(s) is in the text, put DATE OF PUBLICATION in parentheses.
- If one author, use NAME and DATE OF PUBLICATION (and no punctuation between them).
- If two authors, use NAME and NAME and DATE OF PUBLICATION.
A review of related literature (RRL) is
a detailed review of existing literature related to the topic of a thesis or dissertation
. In an RRL, you talk about knowledge and findings from existing literature relevant to your topic.
What is the best way to cite a source?
- Include In-text or Parenthetical Citations When Paraphrasing. …
- Periods (Almost) Always Go After the Parenthesis. …
- Be Consistent with Your Citation Style. …
- All In-text and Parenthetical Citations Should Correspond with a Reference List Entry. …
- Cite Properly, Not in Excess.
How do you properly cite sources?
The first time you cite a source, it is almost always a
good idea to mention its author(s), title, and genre
(book, article, or web page, etc.). If the source is central to your work, you may want to introduce it in a separate sentence or two, summarizing its importance and main ideas.
How do you properly cite a research paper?
- Author(s)
- Title(s)
- Source or venue name (e.g. name of the journal it was published or conference where it was presented)
- Editor(s)
- Volume and edition.
- Date or year of publication.
- Page numbers.
- City and country.
What are the three most common styles of citing references?
- APA (American Psychological Association) is used by Education, Psychology, and Sciences.
- MLA (Modern Language Association) style is used by the Humanities.
- Chicago/Turabian style is generally used by Business, History, and the Fine Arts.
When quoting directly from a work, include the author, publication year, and page number of the reference (preceded by “p.”). Method 1:
Introduce the quotation with a signal phrase
that includes the author's last name; the publication year will follow in parentheses.
How do you cite references in a research paper?
In APA format,
follow the author, date method of in-text citation
. This means that the author's last name and the year of publication for the source should appear in the text, e.g., (Jones, 1998), and a complete reference should appear in the reference list at the end of the paper.
Does et al need to be italicized Harvard?
To use “et al.” in your references, state the name of the first listed author and follow it by “et al.” in
italics in the author section of the citation
.
- 2 Authors: Always cite both authors' names in-text everytime you reference them. Example: Johnson and Smith (2009) found…
- 6 or More Authors: If a document has six or more authors, simply provide the last name of the first author with “et al.” from the first citation to the last. Example: Thomas et al.
Does a literature review have an abstract?
Abstract – An abstract is
a summary of your literature review
. It is made up of the following parts: … A descriptive statement about the types of literature used in the review. Summarize your findings.
A Work by Two Authors
Name
both authors in the signal phrase
or in parentheses each time you cite the work. Use the word “and” between the authors' names within the text and use the ampersand in parentheses.
How do you cite a literature review MLA?
To cite a review, include
the title of the review (if available)
, then the phrase, “Review of” and provide the title of the work (in italics for books, plays, and films; in quotation marks for articles, poems, and short stories). Finally, provide performance and/or publication information.
A literature review
establishes familiarity with and understanding of current research in a particular field before carrying out a new investigation
. Conducting a literature review should enable you to find out what research has already been done and identify what is unknown within your topic.
A literature review is a
chapter in a monograph/thesis
, and a related work is a section in a article/paper.
Related literature are often from journalist or any officials whereas the opinions and facts presented matters and can affect the
masses' opinion and thinking
. Related Studies are from researchers or from official public offices, and thesis from different universities and libraries.
A good literature review shows
signs of synthesis and understanding of the topic
. There should be strong evidence of analytical thinking shown through the connections you make between the literature being reviewed. A good literature review ought to have proper grammar,spelling and punctuation.
What are three ways to cite a source?
These methods are
direct quotation from another source, paraphasing or summarising material, and citing the whole of a source document
.
How do I cite an online reference?
- author (the person or organisation responsible for the site)
- year (date created or last updated)
- name of sponsor of site (if available)
- accessed day month year (the date you viewed the site)
- URL or Internet address (between pointed brackets). If possible, ensure that the URL is included without a line-break.
What does a writer need to cite a source?
- When you quote two or more words verbatim, or even one word if it is used in a way that is unique to the source. …
- When you introduce facts that you have found in a source. …
- When you paraphrase or summarize ideas, interpretations, or conclusions that you find in a source.
What is citation in academic writing?
A citation is
a reference to the source of information used in your research
. … An in-text citation is a brief notation within the text of your paper or presentation which refers the reader to a fuller notation, or end-of-paper citation, that provides all necessary details about that source of information.
How do you cite a university research paper in APA?
- Book: Author, A.A.. (Year of Publication). The Title of work. …
- Example: Finney, J. (1970). …
- Magazine: Author, A.A.. (Year, a month of Publication). …
- Example: Tumulty, K. …
- Newspaper: Author, A.A.. (Year, Month Date of Publication). …
- Website: Author, A.A.. ( …
- Example: Simmons, B. (
What is the easiest citation style?
For in-text citation, the easiest method is
to parenthetically give the author's last name and the year of publication
, e.g., (Clarke 2001), but the exact way you cite will depend on the specific type of style guide you follow.
What is Harvard style citation?
Harvard (Author-Date) style
The Harvard referencing style is another popular style using the author-date system for in-text citations. In-text citation: It consists
mainly of the authors' last name and the year of publication
(and page numbers if it is directly quoted) in round brackets placed within the text.
Use the word “and” between the authors' names within the text and use the ampersand in parentheses. In subsequent citations, only use the
first author's last name followed by “et al.”
in the signal phrase or in parentheses. In et al., et should not be followed by a period.