If “Anonymous” is the identified author of a work (versus there being no stated author),
cite “Anonymous” in the citation instead of the author's last name
(American Psychological Association, 2010, p. 177). For example, (Anonymous, 2005, p. 42).
If the work does not have an author,
cite the source by its title in the signal phrase or use the first word or two in the parentheses
. Titles of books and reports are italicized; titles of articles, chapters, and web pages are in quotation marks.
How do you cite an anonymous source?
Write “Anonymous” in place of the author's name in the parenthetical reference if it is used in the source, for example: (“Anonymous, 2008).
Cite the source by its title if neither an author's name nor the word “anonymous” is present
. Use an abbreviated title if the title is long.
In-text citations include
the last name of the author followed by a page number enclosed in parentheses
. “Here's a direct quote” (Smith 8). If the author's name is not given, then use the first word or words of the title. Follow the same formatting that was used in the Works Cited list, such as quotation marks.
No author. Instead of the author's name, include
the first few words of the work's title in the in-text citation
. Enclose the title in double quotation marks when citing an article, web page or book chapter. Italicize the title of periodicals, books, and reports.
How do you cite an unknown year?
So, an unknown year will not affect an MLA in-text citation. APA uses an author-year format for in-text citations.
Insert the abbreviation “n.d.” in place of an unknown year
to maintain this format, even if you have a month and date for the source in your reference list.
For works with an unknown author, include
the title and year of publication in the in-text citation
. If the title of the work is italicized in the reference list, also italicize the title in the in-text citation.
Cite in text
the first few words of the reference list entry (usually the title) and the year
. Use double quotation marks around the title or abbreviated title.: (“All 33 Chile Miners,” 2010). Note: Use the full title of the web page if it is short for the parenthetical citation.
How do you cite a book with an editor?
If an entire edited book with authored chapters is cited, the editor is listed as the author with the
abbreviation “ed.
” after his name, or “eds.” if there are more than one editor. Multiple editors are formatted the same way as authors. List first editor with the last name first, followed by a comma and “editor.”
How do you properly cite a quote?
In-text citations include
the last name of the author followed by a page number enclosed in parentheses
. “Here's a direct quote” (Smith 8). If the author's name is not given, then use the first word or words of the title. Follow the same formatting that was used in the Works Cited list, such as quotation marks.
What does MLA stand for?
The
Modern Language Association
(MLA) establishes values for acknowledging sources used in a research paper. MLA citation style uses a simple two-part parenthetical documentation system for citing sources: Citations in the text of a paper point to the alphabetical Works Cited list that appears at the end of the paper.
How do you cite an anonymous interview in APA?
Published interviews should be
cited like periodical articles or book chapters
. Interviews with anonymous sources can be cited without including the name of the source–e.g. “anonymous informant #3” or “recreational psilocybin user”–but you must explain in the text why you are not giving the name of your source.
What if there is no date for APA in-text citation?
If there is definitely no date posted or date updated, APA uses the
abbreviation n.d.
(short for “no date”) in the parenthesis where the date would normally go in your citation: (n.d.)
How do you cite an unknown year in MLA?
No Date. If no date is provided, skip that information. It's recommended that
you add the date you accessed the work at the end of the citation
. Access date is given by putting the word “Accessed” followed by the Day Month (Shortened) Year the work was accessed/viewed.
When the author is a corporation or organization, either name the corporate author in the signal phrase or include a shortened version in the parenthetical citation. If the organization name is
long, reference the name in the text
.
