For the in-text citation for a book with eight or more authors, include the first author and then ‘et al. ‘. Include the first six authors’ names, then insert three
ellipsis points
and add the last author name in the Reference List.
With
four or more authors cite all
in the bibliography, but in the note cite only the first author followed by et al. In the bibliography invert the first and last name of only the first author. If no page numbers are included then section headings or other types of locating information can be used.
If a work has two authors, separate their names with
an ampersand (&)
in a parenthetical citation or “and” in a narrative citation. If there are three or more authors, only include the first author’s last name followed by “et al.”, meaning “and others”.
The bibliography is
put into alphabetical order according to the surnames of the authors and editors
you are citing. If you cite two authors with the same surname, put them in alphabetical order by their first names or initials.
NOTE: The in-text citation for works with three or more authors is shortened to
the first author’s name followed by et al. and the year
. References: Author Surname, First Initial.
- 2 Authors: Always cite both authors’ names in-text everytime you reference them. Example: Johnson and Smith (2009) found…
- 6 or More Authors: If a document has six or more authors, simply provide the last name of the first author with “et al.” from the first citation to the last. Example: Thomas et al.
List
by last names and initials
; commas separate author names. After the first 19 authors’ names, use an ellipsis in place of the remaining author names. Then, end with the final author’s name (do not place an ampersand before it). There should be no more than twenty names in the citation in total.
What comes first in a bibliography entry?
The bibliography is
put into alphabetical order according to the surnames of the
authors and editors you are citing. If you cite two authors with the same surname, put them in alphabetical order by their first names or initials.
How do you list books in a bibliography?
The basic form for a book citation is:
Last
Name, First Name. Title of Book. City of Publication, Publisher, Publication Date.
What is bibliography and example?
The term bibliography is the term
used for a list of sources
(e.g. books, articles, websites) used to write an assignment (e.g. an essay). It usually includes all the sources consulted even if they not directly cited (referred to) in the assignment.
How do you write et al?
In et al., et should not be followed by a period. Only “al” should be followed by a period. Since et al. is plural, it should always be a substitute for more than one name. In the case that et al. would stand in for just one author,
write the author’s name instead
.
Only when a work has
six or more authors
should the first in-text citation consist of the first author followed by et al. With five or fewer authors, all the author surnames should be spelled out at first mention.
How is a reference list arranged?
- For APA the reference list is arranged in alphabetical order of authors’ surnames.
- Arrange by first author’s name, then by second author if you have the same first author, etc. …
- If a reference has no author, list it alphabetically according to the title.
What means et al?
Academic writing is full of little conventions that may seem opaque to the uninitiated. One of these is the Latin phrase et al., an abbreviation meaning
“and others
.” It is used to shorten lists of author names in text citations to make repeated referencing shorter and simpler.
The author byline is comprised of
the author(s)’ first name(s), middle initial(s), and last name(s);
this line follows after the full title of the research paper. Note that two authors are separated by the word and, but more than two authors’ names are separated by commas.
Collaborative fiction
is a form of writing by a group of authors who share creative control of a story.
