Social cognition is the encoding, storage, retrieval, and processing of information about other members of the same species. … Through schema activation,
judgments are formed that go beyond the information actually available
; in social schemas, the same holds true.
Schema, in social science,
mental structures that an individual uses to organize knowledge and guide cognitive processes and behaviour
. People use schemata (the plural of schema) to categorize objects and events based on common elements and characteristics and thus interpret and predict the world.
People are more likely to pay attention to things that fit in with their current schemas.
Schemas also impact how quickly people learn
. People also learn information more readily when it fits in with the existing schemas. Schemas help simplify the world.
Social schemas, which
help us understand how to behave in different social situations
. For example, if an individual plans to see a movie, their movie schema provides them with a general understanding of the type of social situation to expect when they go to the movie theater.
Schemas
influence the perception and interpretation of social interactions
. People see events and behaviors that are consistent with the expectations derived from their knowledge structures. Interpretation of ambiguous information can be influenced by the schema associated with the information.
There are, however, two importantly different types of unconscious social cognition:
(i) unconsciousness of the influences on judgment and behavior
and (ii) unconsciousness of the mental states (i.e., attitudes and feelings) that give rise to such judgments and behaviors.
Normative social influence is usually associated with compliance, where a person changes their public behaviour but not their private beliefs. For example, a
person may feel pressurised to smoke because
the rest of their friends are. … This means any change of behavior is temporary.
What are the 3 types of schema?
Schema is of three types:
Physical schema, logical schema and view schema
. For example: In the following diagram, we have a schema that shows the relationship between three tables: Course, Student and Section.
Person schemas
are focused on specific individuals. … Social schemas include general knowledge about how people behave in certain social situations. Self-schemas are focused on your knowledge about yourself. This can include both what you know about your current self as well as ideas about your idealized or future self.
This article examines our current understanding of these processes by looking at five different areas of social cognitive research:
person perception
What influences schema development in general?
From the perspective of psychology, the development of schemas starts with the construction of simple behavioral action schemas, which are learned through
organizational socialization and concrete experiences
, and proceeds to cognitive schemas by means of the functional incorporation of the regular structure of actions …
What are the four types of schema?
- Role schema.
- Object schema.
- Self-schema.
- Event schema.
How does an individual’s schemas affect communication?
Psychological schema determines
how communicators analyze other people’s information and respond with their own judgment about the speakers’ cultural perspectives
. The negative effect of the anomalous individual psychological element is fundamentally a mental process.
Social cognition refers to
our thoughts about and interpretations of ourselves and other people
. Over time, we develop schemas and attitudes to help us better understand and more successfully interact with others. Affect refers to the feelings that we experience as part of life and includes both moods and emotions.
There are also many factors that can affect the cognition of an individual in a social context or within any particular family. And some of those different factors include
the genetics, the past experiences, and the level of stress, the nutrition, other peers, and many other factors
.
Social cognition involves
all the abilities that enable us to understand social agents and to interact with them
. In this process, it is crucial to be able to predict the behavior of others, by detecting, analyzing, and interpreting their intentions.
