glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
Where is ATP and NADPH used in the Calvin cycle?
ATP and NADPH are used
to convert the six molecules of 3-PGA into six molecules of a chemical called glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P)
. This is a reduction reaction because it involves the gain of electrons by 3-PGA. Recall that a reduction is the gain of an electron by an atom or molecule.
Does the Calvin cycle require NADP?
Though it is called the “dark reaction”, the Calvin cycle does not actually occur in the dark or during night time. This is because
the process requires NADPH
, which is short-lived and comes from the light-dependent reactions.
What is the role of NADPH?
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) is an essential electron donor in all organisms, and
provides the reducing power for anabolic reactions and redox balance
. NADPH homeostasis is regulated by varied signaling pathways and several metabolic enzymes that undergo adaptive alteration in cancer cells.
How does NADPH help in the CO2 reduction process?
How does NADPH help in the CO2 reduction process?
Atmospheric carbon dioxide is converted to glucose during the Calvin-Benson cycle. This requires the overall reduction of CO2, using the electrons available from the oxidation of NADPH
. Thus the dark reactions represent a redox pathway.
Is NADPH oxidized in the Calvin cycle?
During the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis,
NADPH produced in the light reactions is oxidized
, and carbon is reduced using the electrons from NADPH. The reduction of carbon generates glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) which will be used to synthesize glucose.
What are the roles of ATP and NADPH in photosynthesis?
So in summary, there are two main roles of NADPH and ATP: (1)
they tie the light dependent reactions and the light independent reactions together
and (2) they act as sources of energy to take the energy from the sun to the light independent reactions to make the plants food.
Where do ADP and NADP go after the Calvin cycle?
Where do the ADP and NADP+ go after they are used in the Calvin cycle?
They travel back to the thylakoid
to be recycled in the light-dependent reaction.
How many NADPH and ATP are required for synthesis of one molecule of glucose?
For synthesis of a molecule of glucose,
18 ATP, 12 NADPH
and 6CO2 are required.
How do ATP and NADPH connect light-dependent and light-independent reactions in photosynthesis?
The light-dependent reactions convert light energy into chemical energy. The goal of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis is to
collect energy from the sun and break down water molecules to produce ATP and NADPH
. These two energy-storing molecules are then used in the light-independent reactions.
How do ATP and NADPH connect light-dependent and light-independent reactions in photosynthesis quizlet?
How do ATP and NADPH connect light-dependent and light-independent reactions in photosynthesis?
ATP and NADPH are produced in the light-dependent reactions and used in the light-independent reactions
. What is the source of the carbon dioxide that is used in photosynthesis?
What is the role of Rubisco in the Calvin cycle?
Transcribed image text: Rubisco is an important enzyme in the Calvin cycle. It
catalyzes the addition of carbon dioxide and water to ribulose-1.5-bisphosphate, which then forms two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate
. Rubisco acts as a carboxylase and is essential for carbon fixation.
What is NADPH in photosynthesis used for?
NADPH is a product of the first level of photosynthesis. It
helps to fuel the reactions that occur in the second stage of the process of photosynthesis
. Plant cells require light energy, water, and carbon dioxide for carrying out the steps of the photosynthesis process.
Why is NADH used in catabolic reactions?
These reactions are performed to generate free energy or utilize the molecular components that make up the nutrients. For the most part, catabolism is oxidative, and electrons are transferred to the coenzymes NAD+ and NADP+. NADH is used in
additional ATP generation reactions
.
What is the role of NADPH in cellular respiration?
NADPH is similar in structure and function as
the high energy electron shuttle, NADH
, mentioned in the cellular respiration articles. NADPH has an added phosphate group and is used in the cell to donate its electrons, just like NADH.
Where do the electrons in NADPH that are used to reduce CO2 to sugar during photosynthesis ultimately come from?
Carbohydrate biosynthesis requires a source of electrons to ultimately reduce carbon dioxide to carbohydrate. The source is the
oxidation of the NADPH produced during photosynthetic electron transport
.
What are ATP and NADPH used for during the dark reactions?
The dark reaction occurs outside of the thylakoids. In this reaction, the energy from ATP and NADPH are used
to fix carbon dioxide (CO
2
)
. The products of this reaction are sugar molecules and other organic molecules necessary for cell function and metabolism.
How does ATP and NADPH make glucose?
How are the large numbers of ATP and NADPH molecules used during the Calvin cycle consistent with the high value of glucose as an energy source?
How are the large numbers of ATP and NADPH molecules used during the Calvin cycle consistent with the high value of glucose as an energy source?
The amount of energy and reducing power required to form a molecule determines the amount of potential energy that molecule stores.
What would happen to the concentration of ATP NADPH and sugars of the Calvin cycle stopped working?
What would happen to the concentrations of ATP NADPH and sugars is the Calvin cycle stopped working? If the Calvin cycle in plants stopped working:
ATP would no longer be generated by the chloroplast
. ATP would no longer be used by the cell.
What is used in the light reactions and what is used in the Calvin cycle?
ATP and NADPH
are both products of the light reactions and are used to power the Calvin cycle.
What is the role of NADPH in the light-independent stage?
The light-independent reactions use the ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions to
reduce carbon dioxide and convert the energy to the chemical bond energy in carbohydrates such as glucose
.
What is the role of NADPH in photosynthesis quizlet?
What is the role of NADPH in photosynthesis? NADPH is
an electron carrier that accepts a pair of high-energy electrons and transfers them, along with most of their energy, to another molecule
. NADPH plays a big role in the light-independent reaction when it is used, along with ATP, to produce high energy sugars.
How is NADP used in light-independent reaction?
The light-independent reaction uses
reduced NADP from the light-dependent reaction to form a simple sugar
. The hydrolysis of ATP, also from the light-dependent reaction, provides the additional energy for this reaction.
During what stage of photosynthesis are ATP and NADPH converted to ADP PI and NADP+?
The Calvin cycle
takes place in the stroma and uses the ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions to fix carbon dioxide, producing three-carbon sugars—glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, or G3P, molecules. The Calvin cycle converts ATP to ADP and Pi, and it converts NADPH to NADP+.
Where does NADP go next?
NADPH will travel to
the Calvin cycle
, where its electrons are used to build sugars from carbon dioxide. The other ingredient needed by the Calvin cycle is ATP, and this too is provided by the light reactions.
How does NADP+ become NADPH?
NADP+ is an e- acceptor. It turns into NADPH
by accepting both e- and H+ molecules
.
