Drugs and dosages for sedation are given in Table 1. Drugs and dosages for anesthesia are as follows. For adult horses, add 5 to 10 mL of xylazine (100 mg/ mL) and 15 to 20 mL of ketamine (100 mg/mL) to 1 liter of 5% guaifenesin.
What is equine xylazine?
Xylazine is an analogue of clonidine and an agonist at the α 2 class of adrenergic receptor. It is used for sedation, anesthesia, muscle relaxation, and analgesia in animals such as horses, cattle and other non-human mammals. Veterinarians also use xylazine as an emetic, especially in cats.
Can you give xylazine IM in horses?
There is a significant species dependent response to xylazine administration. Intramuscular dose of up to 0.3 mg/kg for cattle has been suggested by the manufacturer. The recommended doses for horses were 0.6 mg/kg and for sheep 1.0 mg/kg (Garcia-Villar et al., 1981).
How much dexamethasone should I give my horse?
Administration And Dosage
Dexamethasone Powder may be administered or the parenteral dose repeated as needed. Equine – DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION 2 mg/mL – 2.5 to 5 mg intravenously or intramuscularly .
How much tranquilizer should I give my horse?
Horses: 2-4 mg/100 lb of body weight . IV doses should be administered slowly, and a period of at least 15 minutes should be allowed for the drug to take full effect.
How long does horse Xylazine last?
Following injection of Xylazine HCl Injection (xylazine) the animal should be allowed to rest quietly until the full effect has been reached. These dosages produce sedation which is usually maintained for 1 to 2 hours and analgesia which lasts for 15 to 30 minutes.
What does Xylazine do to humans?
Xylazine is not a controlled substance; it is marketed as a veterinary drug and used as a sedative, analgesic and muscle relaxant. In humans, it could cause central nervous system depression, respiratory depression, bradycardia, hypotension, and even death .
What are the side effects of xylazine in horses?
SIDE EFFECTS:
Rompun® (xylazine injection), in horses and Cervidae, used at recommended dosage levels may occasionally cause slight muscle tremors, bradycardia with partial A-V heart block and a reduced respiratory rate . Movement in response to sharp auditory stimuli may be observed.
What do vets use to sedate horses?
Sedatives make horses sleepy and are usually used for short veterinary procedures. Common sedatives include xylazine (Rompun), detomidine (Dormosedan) and romifidine (SediVet) . All of these drugs are short-acting and provide some pain relief with their sedation.
How do you sedate a horse orally?
The 2 options for oral sedatives are ACP (Oralject Sedazine) or Dormosedan Gel (Detomidine Hcl). ACP is fairly mild and it has a ceiling of effect (4- 10ml/ 450kg bodyweight). This means that if 10ml doesn’t work, 20ml won’t do any more but you will get more side effects.
How long does it take for dexamethasone to work in horses?
Dexamethasone per os was effective within 6 h with peak effect at 24 h at a dose of 0.164 mg/kg bwt prior to feeding. The duration of effect was, for all dexamethasone treatments, statistically significant for 30 h when compared to saline and tended to have a longer duration of effect when used orally.
What are the side effects of dexamethasone in horses?
Increased urination (polyuria), increased water consumption (polydypsia) and muscle wasting can be seen with prolonged dexamethasone use.
How many days can you give a horse dexamethasone?
“They should only be given for seven to 10 days at a time .” Using a two-week study cycle with a two-week washout period, researchers administered dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP, a more soluble formulation of DXM), to six Thoroughbred horses (ages 6-10).
What drugs are used to put a horse down?
Lethal injection with a barbiturate, typically pentobarbital , is the method most commonly employed by veterinarians in the United States. The barbiturates used are DEA controlled substances so this method can only be carried out by a licensed veterinarian.
Is sedation bad for horses?
During that time, you’ll want to keep him from eating, moving around or interacting with other horses. A stall is the safest place for a sedated horse to recover. But eating while sedated can lead to choke, so remove all hay and grain.
Can sedation cause colic in horses?
Sedation slows the guts and can cause impaction of food (colic) so the horse must be monitored until it has returned completely to normal. Horses will urinate a lot during or after sedation. Fresh water should be available as soon as the horse is awake enough to eat again.
