In et al.,
et should not be followed by a period
. Only “al” should be followed by a period. Since et al. is plural, it should always be a substitute for more than one name. In the case that et al. would stand in for just one author, write the author’s name instead.
How do you punctuate et al in a sentence?
Punctuation. The “al” in “et al.”
is always followed by a period
. This is because the term is an abbreviation of the Latin phrase “et alia”—the period indicates that it is an abbreviation: et al.
Do you use commas with et al?
Remember that
there is no comma between the surname and “et al.
,” and the period goes only after the “al.” The English translation of “et al.” is “and others.” A helpful table of this rule can be found in APA 7, Table 8.1.
Is there a comma before et al Harvard?
“Et al.” is a Latin term and the short form of “et alia”, which literally means ”and others”. It is used in academic citations for sources that have multiple authors. The ”al” in “et al.” is always followed by a full stop. Other punctuation marks, such as
a comma, can follow the full stop after ”al”
.
How do you cite et al?
List
only the first author’s name followed by “et al
.” in every citation, even the first, unless doing so would create ambiguity between different sources. In et al., et should not be followed by a period. Only “al” should be followed by a period.
Can I use et al in an email?
When referring to a group of coworkers, it may be easier to use et al. than list everyone who made a contribution. Keep your audience in mind when using et al. in informal writing.
What is et al example?
This phrase means
“and others
.” Most commonly, et al. indicates other contributors (authors, editors, etc.) in a bibliographic list, such as “Feynman, Hawking, Sagan, et al.” There should always be a period after et al. to show it is an abbreviation.
Do you need after et al?
Writers sometimes use
the surname of the first author followed by et al
. … Only when a work has six or more authors should the first in-text citation consist of the first author followed by et al. With five or fewer authors, all the author surnames should be spelled out at first mention. 2.
Does Harvard in text citation have a comma?
However, there are two elements in Harvard style: in-text citations and a list of references. … All the details of the references are crucial for correct citations. This includes
the use of full stops and commas
. In-text citations in Harvard style should include the author’s last name and the year of the publication.
Only when a work has
six or more authors
should the first in-text citation consist of the first author followed by et al. With five or fewer authors, all the author surnames should be spelled out at first mention.
How do you write et al in APA 7?
In APA 7, for a work with three or more authors,
list the first author and “et al.” for all citations
, including the first citation, unless doing so would create ambiguity.
How do you insert et al in Microsoft Word?
Use
the word
“and” between the authors’ names within the text and use the ampersand in parentheses. In subsequent citations, only use the first author’s last name followed by “et al.” in the signal phrase or in parentheses. In et al., et should not be followed by a period.
What is the use of et al?
One of these is the Latin phrase et al., an abbreviation meaning “and others.” It is used to
shorten lists of author names in text citations to make repeated referencing shorter and simpler
.
Does et al only apply to people?
should only be used to describe people
. However, it is used (albeit infrequently) in reference to other things as well. Et al. is most commonly found in scholarly writing, especially when used to avoid having to list a number of different authors in a bibliography or footnote.
How does et al work?
means and others. It is
used when citing an item that has multiple authors
. … When a work has three, four, or five authors, cite all the authors the first time the reference occurs, but in subsequent citations, include only the surname of the first author followed by et al.
What does et al mean in law?
Et al. is short for the Latin expression “et alia,” “et alius,” or “et alii.” Et al. means “
and others” or “and the other people
” and usually follows the name of a person or a list of names and represents the remainder of the group.
