Most of the damage was to the coastal infrastructure, including
harbours, destruction of coastal vegetation, and extensive sand erosion
. Sea water intrusion into inland areas also affected soil fertility, causing many islands’ top soil to be washed away and increasing the salinity of the soil.
What was the environmental impact of the 2004 tsunami?
There were some environmental impact as an aftermath of the tsunami. In the affected region,
crops were destroyed and farm land was ruined by the salt water
. Many forest and trees such as mangrove forests along the coast were also destroyed. Coral reefs and coastal wetlands were damaged.
What were the environmental impacts of the Japanese tsunami?
Water supply and sewage networks
: Damage to urban water supply and sewage networks can result in cross contamination, leading to health impacts for the population; Coastal ecosystems: Coastal habitats and ecosystems can be destroyed, with implications for livelihoods; and.
How many homes did the 2004 tsunami destroy?
The Tsunami Evaluation Coalition, a multi-agency colloboration to evaulate the response to the disaster, said more than 600,000 people’s work was affected “(in some cases only for a few months)” and
141,000 houses
were destroyed.
How much damage did the 2004 tsunami cause?
An astonishing roughly quarter million people (227,899) were killed or missing and presumed dead, including tourists, making this the deadliest tsunami in history. About 1.7 million people were displaced. Total damage was estimated at
roughly $13 billion (2017 dollars)
.
What happens to animals after a tsunami?
When tsunamis strike, birds and
other small animals can be washed into the water and be unable to get back to dry land
. … Birds’ nests that have to be kept warm might be flooded with cold seawater. Sea birds and fishes who live in shallow waters near the shore are buried alive in sand or debris and suffocate.
What are the environmental impacts of a tsunami?
A tsunami changes the landscape.
It uproots trees and plants and destroys animal habitats such as nesting sites for birds
. Land animals are killed by drowning and sea animals are killed by pollution if dangerous chemicals are washed away into the sea, thus poisoning the marine life.
What is the biggest tsunami ever?
Its over 1,700-foot wave was the largest ever recorded for a tsunami. It inundated five square miles of land and cleared hundreds of thousands of trees. Remarkably, only two fatalities occurred.
How long did it take to rebuild after 2004 tsunami?
The results of these efforts are remarkable.
Within five years
, individuals were back in homes they owned, often on their original land, in communities with new schools and in many cases improved infrastructure.
Can you swim in a tsunami?
“A person will be just swept up in it and carried along as debris;
there’s no swimming out of a tsunami
,” Garrison-Laney says. “There’s so much debris in the water that you’ll probably get crushed.” Eventually, the wave will pull back, dragging cars, trees, and buildings with it.
How far inland did 2004 tsunami go?
In many places, the waves reached as far
as 2 km (1.2 mi) inland
. Because the 1,600 km (1,000 mi) fault affected by the earthquake was in a nearly north–south orientation, the greatest strength of the tsunami waves was in an east–west direction.
What country was most affected by the 2004 tsunami?
The hardest-hit and most severely affected countries were
India, Indonesia, Maldives, Sri Lanka and Thailand
. Malaysia, Myanmar, Seychelles, Somalia and the United Republic of Tanzania were also affected.
Which natural disaster killed the most?
According to data published by Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft (or Munich Re), the second-largest global reinsurance group as of 2017,
the tsunami struck in 2004
was the deadliest natural disaster to occur worldwide between the years 1980 and 2019.
Can animals tell if a tsunami is coming?
Mammals, birds, insects, and spiders can detect Rayleigh waves
. Most can feel the movement in their bodies, although some, like snakes and salamanders, put their ears to the ground in order to perceive it. The animals at Yala might have felt the Rayleigh waves and run for higher ground.
Where do fish go during a tsunami?
Tsunami currents increase strongly in shallow water where weaker corals can be broken by the force of the tsunami. Fish and marine animals are sometimes stranded on the land after they are carried by
the currents to shore
. The currents also move sand from the beach onto nearby coral reefs, burying low lying corals.
Did they know the 2004 tsunami was coming?
Quite simply,
they had no idea it was coming
. That’s because despite a history of tsunamis caused by volcanoes and earthquakes, Indonesia has not had an effective early warning system for years. Saturday’s disaster isn’t the first time Indonesia’s disaster readiness has been criticized this year.
