In China during the second wave era, the Han Dynasty established power in 200 B.C.E. following the practices of Confucianism with a social hierarchy. The nature of this social hierarchy was
dealing with education and wealth
. The wealthy educated people formed the scholar-gentry class, specifically males.
At the top of the social hierarchy in China were
the emperor’s officials
, who represented the cultural and social elite. Officials were in large part drawn from wealthy landowning families. … Another class conflict in Chinese society had elite officials and landowners on one side and peasants on the other.
How did India’s social system differ from China’s in the second-wave era?
Indian social groups were more rigidly defined
. → Almost no social movement was possible in Indian society, whereas in China modest social mobility was possible through the civil service exams for instance.
Which of the following was a distinct feature of Chinese society during the Second Wave era?
Which of the following was a distinct feature of Chinese society during the second-wave era? …
In China, assimilation required becoming Chinese ethnically, linguistically, and culturally.
How did India’s caste system differ from China’s class system?
India’s caste gave priority to religious and status and ritual purity (the Brahmin)
, whereas China elevated political officials to the highest of elite positions.
The social hierarchy in Ancient China was paramount.
Emperors, government officials, nobles, peasants, merchants and slaves
all had their role to play within Chinese society. This clip collection looks at each of these key groups, examining their daily life and the role law and religion played throughout society.
From the Qin Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty (221 B.C.E.- C.E. 1840), the Chinese government divided Chinese people into four classes:
landlord, peasant, craftsmen, and merchant
. Landlords and peasants constituted the two major classes, while merchants and craftsmen were collected into the two minor.
How was India’s social structure different from that of China?
Indian social groups were defined more rigidly
. government loans to peasant families. … sharp distinctions and great inequalities characterized the social order.
The class system of china and the caste system of India were both very similar. They both organized society as a hierarchy in there own ways.
China’s class system organized society based on wealth, and performance
. India’s caste system, on the other hand, organized society based on religion.
What distinguished the Mandarin class from other social classes in China?
A wealthy and powerful class, its members were selected impartially by examination in the Confucian classics
.
What common features can you identify in the empires described in this chapter?
What common features can you identify in the empires described in this chapter?
All empires controlled large areas and populations
. All empires were brought together by conquest and funded in part by extracting wealth from conquered peoples.
Which of the following is an example of the centralization of the Chinese state under Qin Shi Huangdi?
which of the following is an example of the centralization of the Chinese state under Qin Shihuangdi?
they disdain Confucian virtues in favor of an authoritarian state that ruled by force
. “when the ruler does right, all men will imitate his self-control.
Which of the following reflects a distinguishing characteristic of the Chinese and Roman imperial states?
Which of the following reflects a distinguishing characteristic of the Chinese and Roman imperial states? …
The Roman bureaucracy was less sophisticated than its Chinese counterpart
, but its elaborate body of law applicable across the realm had no equivalent in China.
1046–256 BC)—categorized all socio-economic groups into four broad and hierarchical occupations (in descending order): the shi (scholars, or gentry),
the nong (peasant farmers), the gong (artisans and craftsmen), and the shang (merchants)
.
First, inherent to the definition of a social hierarchy is
the stratified ranking of group members along a valued dimension
, with some members being superior or subordinate to others, and fewer members occupying the highest positions (Magee & Galinsky, 2008).
Is China a hierarchical society?
The idea of face can probably be better understood through reference to China being
an extremely hierarchical society
. The relative position a Chinese person occupies in relation to another (e.g. a boss to an employee, or a parent to a child) demands a certain degree of respect and demands certain behaviours.
What type of society is China?
Chinese society represents
a unity of state and social systems held together by institutionalized links
. In traditional times, linkage between state and social systems was provided by a status group, known in the West as the gentry, which had substantive attachment both to the state and to a social system.
What are the three main classes in Chinese society?
Chinese society had three main social classes
Landowning, Aristocrats, Farmers and Merchants
three Chinese Philosophies, Confucianism Daoism and legalism grew out of a need for order in ancient chinese society.
The populations of these cities were divided into social classes which, like societies in every civilization throughout history, were
hierarchical
. These classes were: The King and Nobility, The Priests and Priestesses, The Upper Class, the Lower Class, and The Slaves.
Peasants
. At the bottom of the social ladder were the peasants, the poorest of Chinese citizens. They comprised the majority of the population, and were limited to farming and selling crops for profit.
What were the main characteristics of ancient Chinese culture and religion?
Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism are considered the “three pillars” of ancient Chinese society. As philosophies and religions, they not only
influenced spirituality, but also government, science, the arts, and social structure
.
What are the four classes of Chinese society?
Beginning about the fourth century B.C., ancient texts describe Chinese society as divided into four classes:
the scholar elite, the landowners and farmers, the craftsmen and artisans, and the merchants and tradesmen
.
The Han dynasty believed that
all citizens should strive for upward social mobility
while India only stressed mobility for the poor.
Which of the following describes how Confucianism affected Chinese society?
Which of the following describes how Confucianism affected Chinese society?
They were transformed by their followers into gods
.
What is an important achievement of classical Chinese civilizations?
Papermaking, printing, gunpowder and the compass
– the four great inventions of ancient China-are significant contributions of the Chinese nation to world civilization.
What are the similarities between India and China?
The older generations in both societies are more traditional and orthodox while their younger generation is more accepting and open to new ideas. As the only two large developing countries with over one billion population, China and India have
the largest similarities than any other country in the world
.
Which of the following best describes the caste system group of answer choices?
which of the following best describes the caste system? It is
a stratification system based on one’s position at birth
.
Which aspect of Chinese society did the Han government exert the most control over?
The 400 years of Han rule saw not only improvements in education but also great advances in Chinese technology and culture. In addition, the centralized government began to exert more control over
commerce and manufacturing
. technology influenced all aspects of Chinese life. Paper was invented in A.
How did the rise of the scholar official class affect Chinese society and government?
The scholar-gentry
carried out social welfare measures, taught in private schools
, helped negotiate minor legal disputes, supervised community projects, maintained local law and order, conducted Confucian ceremonies, assisted in the governments collection of taxes, and preached Confucian moral teachings.
What were the most important similarities and differences between classical India and China?
While both Classical China and India had
hierarchy’s based on agriculture and organized patriarchal societies
, India developed multiple institutions, such as language, while China developed one united dialect. Agriculture helped set a hierarchy for these classical civilizations.
How are ancient China and ancient India similar?
Ancient China and ancient India are
both important and interesting ancient civilizations
. … The main religions of China were Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism. The central religions in India were Hinduism and Buddhism. Both Ancient China and India had religious teachers that invented these prevalent religions.
What best describes a key difference between the Han and Roman empires?
What best describes a key difference between the Han and Roman empires?
The Roman empire relied on a huge enslaved population to work their fields
, whereas free peasants worked the land in Han China. was promoted by the central state, which established schools to promote the ideal of an educated class of officials.
Which external factor did Han China and the Roman Empire both face that contributed to their decline?
Which external factor did Han China and the Roman Empire both face that contributed to their decline? They
both faced nomadic invasions that greatly
contributed to their decline.
Which of the following is a characteristic of early Han rule?
Which of the following is a characteristic of early Han rule?
The ruling family had to compromise with the aristocratic groups
.
In what major way did the Roman Empire differ from the Chinese empires?
But the Chinese, far more than the Romans, developed
an elaborate bureaucracy to hold the empire together
. The Chinese relied on a civil service system, complete with examinations and selection by merit; the Romans relied more on regional elites and the army to provide cohesion.
How do empires of the second wave civilizations differ from the political systems of the first civilizations?
Like, the empires of these second wave civilizations
had many more people to rule over than the First Civilizations
. Also, multiple ethnic groups were under one political system; 1st wave people were almost like tribes (same ethnic populations.)
What are second wave empires?
The Eurasian empires of the second-wave era — those of
Persia, Greece under Alexander the
Great, Rome, China during the Qin (chihn) and Han dynasties, India during the Mauryan (MORE-yuhn) and Gupta dynasties — shared a set of com- mon problems.
What achievements and challenges characterized the Han Dynasty?
What characterized the rule of the Han dynasty?
A stable government, a Confucian civil service, growth of the Chinese empire, prosperity
, contact with the west via the Silk Road, advances in the art, scholarship, and technology.
How were emperors chosen in China?
Heredity and succession
The title of emperor was hereditary, traditionally passed on from
father to son in each dynasty
. There are also instances where the throne is assumed by a younger brother, should the deceased Emperor have no male offspring.
How did the emperors of the Han Dynasty encourage and protect Chinese culture?
How did the emperors of the Han Dynasty encourage and protect Chinese culture?
They mandated daily religious rituals
. They revived Chinese literature and poetry. They taught the art of silk making to foreigners.
From the Qin Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty (221 B.C.E.- C.E. 1840), the Chinese government divided Chinese people into four classes:
landlord, peasant, craftsmen, and merchant
. Landlords and peasants constituted the two major classes, while merchants and craftsmen were collected into the two minor.
China was transformed from a highly aristocratic society of the early Tang period (618-907)
into the nearly “nonaristocratic and more egalitarian society” of the Song era
. … Consequently, the aristocracy merged into a much broader social bracket of the gentry (landowners in the Western world) class.
