The ruby laser is used as
a pulsed laser
, producing red light at 694.3 nm. After receiving a pumping flash from the flash tube, the laser light emerges for as long as the excited atoms persist in the ruby rod, which is typically about a millisecond.
Is ruby laser is a four level laser?
Ruby belongs to the class of
three-level laser gain media
and therefore requires quite high pump intensities for producing laser gain. Nd:YAG, a prominent example for a four-level gain medium, is much easier to operate.
What is the active material of ruby laser?
The active material of the ruby laser is
a monocrystal of synthetically grown sapphire (Al
2
O
3
) (matrix)
in which a small percentage of Al
3 +
ions are replaced by chromium Cr
3 +
transition-metal ions.
Is ruby laser a two level laser?
The ruby laser is
a three level solid-state laser
. In a ruby laser, optical pumping technique is used to supply energy to the laser medium. Optical pumping is a technique in which light is used as energy source to raise electrons from lower energy level to the higher energy level.
Is ruby laser a continuous laser?
Ruby laser is reborn as
diode-pumped, continuous-wave version
. … Although it lases at the standard deep-red 694.3 nm wavelength, it is both diode-pumped (making it very stable and efficient) and continuous-wave (opening up many uses not available to pulsed ruby lasers).
What is not drawback of ruby laser?
Drawbacks or disadvantages of Ruby Laser
➨
No significant stimulated emission occurs in ruby laser until at least half of the ground state electrons have been excited to the meta stable state
. ➨Efficiency of this laser type is comparatively lower. ➨Optical cavity of this laser is short as compare to other laser types.
Why does ruby laser need cooling?
Explanation:
A large amount of energy is dissipated in the ruby rod
. Thus, it has to be cooled for efficient continuous operation. For this purpose, liquid nitrogen is used. Explanation: The laser output observed in a Ruby laser is pulsed.
Why is 4 level laser better than 3 level laser?
The pumping operation of a four level laser is similar to the pumping of a three level laser. … The advantage of the four level laser is
the low population of the lower laser energy level (E
2
)
. To create population inversion, there is no need to pump more than 50% of the atoms to the upper laser level.
What is the difference between he Ne laser and ruby laser?
The difference between Helium-Neon Laser and Ruby laser are given below:Helium-Neon LaserRuby LaserThese are
gaseous State laser
. … The laser output is continuous in it. It is in the form of pulse in the ruby laser.It has high efficiency.It has low efficiency. There are no any defects due to crystalline imperfections.
What is a ruby laser used for?
The ruby laser is used only in the pulse mode. The radiation is not readily absorbed by water but is significantly absorbed by pigments such as melanin and hemoglobin. The ruby laser can easily penetrate the anterior structures of the eye. It is used to
photocoagulate vascular and pigmented retinal lesions
.
Which pumping is used in ruby laser?
In ruby laser,
xenon flash lamp
is used as pumping source. In this method, due to electrical energy applied in direct band gap semiconductor like Ga As, recombination of electrons and holes takes place. During the recombination process, the electrical energy is directly converted into light energy.
What is the output of ruby laser?
Uses of ruby laser
Ruby laser has very high output power of the
order of 10
4
– 10
6
watts
. It has wavelength of 6943 Angstroms. 2. Ruby lasers are used for holography, industrial cutting and welding.
Why it is difficult to achieve CW operation in a ruby laser?
The ruby laser operates at wavelengths of 694.3 nm (R1 line) and 692.8 nm (R2 line), corresponding to transitions between Cr 3+ ions (Fig. … Unfortunately, this laser is difficult to operate, as it
uses a three level scheme and needs population inversion with respect to a strongly populated ground state
.
Which laser has highest efficiency?
With 450 W quasi-CW stacked laser diode bars pumping at 1064 nm, 236 W optimum output laser at 1064 nm was obtained. The optical-to-optical conversion efficiency was 52.5% and corresponding slope efficiency was 62%. This is up to now the highest slope-efficiency acquired in
high power Nd:YAG ceramic laser
.
Is ruby laser a semiconductor laser?
The first laser ever made, the ruby laser, was
a solid-state laser
. … Even though the atomic levels of the lasing species are often modified because of the host crystal, the lasing process is atomic and very different from that in semiconductor lasers. All solid-state lasers are pumped optically.
