the tendency to overestimate the
contribution of internal factors to one’s successes and the contribution of external factors to one’s failures
. dimensions that describe an individuals’ extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience.
When we overestimate the influence of personality and underestimate the influence of situations?
The fundamental attribution error
is a term, which refers to the common human error in which people tend to underestimate situational influences and overestimate individual personality factors, when explaining behavior.
What is the tendency to overestimate the influence of personality and underestimate the power of the situation?
Fundamental Attribution Error
. When we tend to overestimate the influence of personality and we underestimate the influence of the situation. Example: You had a bad day and your mad, but someone says its just my personality, but doesn’t understand that something happened.
Which of the following is the process by which individuals screen and select the various objects and stimuli that vie for their attention?
By
perception
, we mean the process by which one screens, selects, organizes, and interprets stimuli to give them meaning.
Is the tendency to overestimate our value by attributing?
the tendency to overestimate our value by attributing successes to
ourselves
(internal causes) and attributing failures to others or the environment (external causes). – the tendency for people to perceive themselves as personally and situationally similar to someone who is having difficult or trouble.
When Ruby was told that her favorite store would no longer stock?
When Ruby was told that her favorite store would no longer stock her favorite brand of clip-on earrings, she assumed this meant that the company was no longer producing clip-on earrings, even though that was not the case.
Which of the following is a difference between internal attributions and external attributions?
In an internal, or dispositional, attribution, people infer that an event or a person’s behavior is due to personal factors such as traits, abilities, or feelings. In an external, or situational, attribution, people infer
that a person’s behavior is due to situational factors
.
Which is the following is the best example of the foot in the door technique of persuasion?
The foot-in-the-door technique is when a small request is initially made in order to get a person to later agree to a bigger request. An example of this is
when a friend asks to borrow a small amount of money, then later asks to borrow a larger amount
.
What is the main point of the quizmaster study?
What is the main point of the quizmaster study?
People will defend themselves by claiming situational influences changed their behavior
. People will overlook obvious situational influences on behavior.
Which of the following can reduce cognitive dissonance select all that apply?
Which of the following are ways to reduce cognitive dissonance?
Modify one or both cognitions
. Deny that the two cognitions are related to another. Change the perceived importance of one cognition.
What are dispositional influences?
Dispositional Factors (also known as Internal Factors) are
individual characteristics that influence behavior and actions in a person
. … The opposite of dispositional factors are situational factors which are influences like the environment and others around you.
Who was responsible for the cognitive dissonance theory?
Leon Festinger
first proposed the theory of cognitive dissonance centered on how people try to reach internal consistency. 3 He suggested that people have an inner need to ensure that their beliefs and behaviors are consistent.
What are psychological factors influence individual behavior?
Behaviour is affected by factors relating to the person, including: physical factors – age, health, illness, pain, influence of a substance or medication. personal and emotional factors – personality,
beliefs
, expectations, emotions, mental health. life experiences – family, culture, friends, life events.
When did Josh evaluate Kandi’s performance?
Individuals who believe that they control their own destiny are described as having a:
high internal locus of control
. Josh evaluates Kandi’s performance and gives her an “outstanding” based on his knowledge that she came to work everyday earlier than anyone else and therefore she is extremely hardworking.
Which of the following is the second step in the perception process?
Organization
, the second stage of the perceptual process, is how we mentally arrange information into meaningful and digestible patterns. The Gestalt laws of grouping are a set of principles in psychology that explain how humans naturally perceive stimuli as organized patterns and objects.
Which mainly attracts the attention of perceiver?
Usually bigger is the size of perceived stimulus,
higher
is the probability that it attracts the – attention of the perceiver and he may select it for perception. E.g. Letters of larger size in books catch attention of the readers and they tend to read it before reading the entire text.
