downstream cost

Is Refining Considered Downstream?

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Is Refining Considered Downstream? After crude oil is discovered and extracted—the upstream process—it’s shipped and transported—the midstream process. Thereafter, the oil is refined, marketed, distributed, and sold, which is the downstream process. What is downstream refining? The downstream sector is the refining of petroleum crude oil and the processing and purifying of raw natural gas,

What Is A Downstream Gene?

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What Is A Downstream Gene? Downstream genes are switched on or off at various times and in different tissues by transcription factors (q.v.) encoded by upstream regulatory genes. A master controlling gene like eyeless (q.v.) will activate some downstream genes that encode their own transcription factors. What is a downstream gene variant? downstream gene variant.